Mitochondria, complexity, and evolutionary deficit spending. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016 Lynch and Marinov (1) challenge our findings (2) that mitochondria are essential to the prokaryote−eukaryote transition. Their paper states: “Lane and Martin introduced the cost of a gene as an argument for the impossibility of high levels of cellular/developmental complexity without a power-generating mitochondrion.” Scrutinizing bioenergetic costs ...
Lane N, Martin WF.
europepmc +7 more sources
Electron transfer within nitrogenase: evidence for a deficit-spending mechanism. [PDF]
Biochemistry, 2011 The reduction of substrates catalyzed by nitrogenase utilizes an electron transfer (ET) chain comprised of three metalloclusters distributed between the two component proteins, designated as the Fe protein and the MoFe protein. The flow of electrons through these three metalloclusters involves ET from the [4Fe-4S] cluster located within the Fe protein ...
Danyal K +3 more
europepmc +7 more sources
Prospects of risk-sharing agreements for innovative therapies in a context of deficit spending in bulgaria. [PDF]
Front Public Health, 2015 Innovative therapies are usually defined as newly introduced or modified health technologies with unproven effect or side effect undertaken in the best interest of the patient. These therapies could be situated at any point of the continuum: from genuine
Iskrov G, Stefanov R.
europepmc +4 more sources
The Macroeconomic Effects of Deficit Spending: A Review [PDF]
Review, 1988 OLLOWING the Keyrnesiari Revolution in macr-oecomnomics, a iarge numberof economists argued that deficit spending was required to achieve two of the stated national econonnic objectives: frill ennployment and a high r-ate of econonnic gr’owtln ...
K. Alec Chrystal, Daniel L. Thornton
semanticscholar +5 more sources
The Parties' Flip-Flops on Deficit Spending: Economics or Politics?
The Economists' Voice, 2004 Not long ago, Republicans were trying to pass a balanced budget amendment to the constitution. Democrats were skeptical, overwhelmingly Keynesian, and believed that deficit spending had ended the Great Depression. Under Rubinomics the positions began to switch: Democrats became the defenders of fiscal orthodoxy.
Joseph E. Stiglitz
semanticscholar +6 more sources
Deficit Spending and the National Income
Southern Economic Journal, 1942 H. L. McCracken, Henry H. Villard
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Konjunktursteuerung durch »Deficit Spending«?
, 2020 Alexander Kustermann
semanticscholar +4 more sources
Deficits, Public Debt Dynamics, and Tax and Spending Multipliers [PDF]
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012 Cutting government spending can increase the budget defi cit at zero interest rates according to a standard New Keynesian model, calibrated with Bayesian methods. Similarly, increasing sales taxes can increase the budget defi cit rather than reduce it. Both results suggest limitations of “austerity measures.” At zero interest rates, running budget defi
Matthew Denes +2 more
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Deficit Spending in the Nazi Recovery, 1933-1938: A Critical Reassessment [PDF]
Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 2001 Working paper / Institute for Empirical Research in Economics ...
Albrecht Ritschl
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Formal Fiscal Restraints and Budget Processes as Solutions to a Deficit and Spending Bias in Public Finances: US Experience and Possible Lessons for EMU [PDF]
, 2001 Against the commonly accepted view that in the run-up to EMU the Maastricht fiscal restraints were quite effective in re-aligning public finances in Member States that were showing large excessive deficits, Strauch and von Hagen stress that there are ...
Rolf Strauch, Jürgen von Hagen
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