结直肠癌(Colorectal cancer,CRC)是全球高发病率和高死亡率的恶性肿瘤之一,早期诊断对改善患者预后至关重要。然而,传统诊断方法如结肠镜检查和粪便潜血试验(Fecal occult blood test,FOBT)存在侵入性、灵敏度不足等局限性。水凝胶微珠技术因其优异的生物相容性、高负载能力和可调控的物理化学性质,在 CRC早期无创诊断中展现出巨大潜力。本文综述了水凝胶微珠的技术原理、制备方法(如微流体技术、乳化法、电喷雾、光刻法和 3D打印)及其在 CRC核酸标志物(如基因突变、甲基化
王少妍, 秦宇, 付渤钧, 张海山
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