Orientation mapping of graphene using 4D STEM-in-SEM. [PDF]
Ultramicroscopy, 2020 A scanning diffraction technique is implemented in the scanning electron microscope. The technique, referred to as 4D STEM-in-SEM (four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy in the scanning electron microscope), collects a diffraction pattern from each point on a sample which is saved to disk for further analysis.
Caplins BW +3 more
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Direct Visualization and Quantitative Insights into the Formation and Phase Evolution of Cu Nanoparticles via In Situ Liquid Phase 4D-STEM. [PDF]
Adv Sci (Weinh)Copper (Cu)‐based nanomaterials are one of the most efficient heterogeneous electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction. However, their selectivity and stability are strongly determined by their morphology, crystal structure, composition, grain size,
Cheng N, Sun H, Pivak Y, Liebscher CH.
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Simulation Study of Low-Dose 4D-STEM Phase Contrast Techniques at the Nanoscale in SEM. [PDF]
Nanomaterials (Basel)Phase contrast imaging is well-suited for studying weakly scattering samples. Its strength lies in its ability to measure how the phase of the electron beam is affected by the sample, even when other imaging techniques yield low contrast.
Jílek Z, Radlička T, Krzyžánek V.
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Unveiling Twist Domains in Monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> through 4D-STEM and Unsupervised Machine Learning. [PDF]
Small MethodsDichalcogenides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), are being studied extensively due to their 2D feature and various material properties. Although crystal structures are critical for applications, conventional atomic structure analyses have a limited ...
Kimoto K +8 more
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A physical optics formulation of Bloch waves and its application to 4D STEM, 3D ED and inelastic scattering simulations. [PDF]
Acta Crystallogr A Found AdvThis article describes the re-formulation of Bloch waves using physical optics theory for more efficient simulation of large electron diffraction data sets.
Mendis BG.
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Template-Derived Masks for 4D-STEM
Communications MaterialsFast pixelated detectors in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) enable acquisition of a two-dimensional diffraction pattern at every probe position, known as four-dimensional STEM (4D-STEM).
Yining Xie +5 more
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Reuniting crystallography with real space: Ab initio structure elucidation with 4D-STEM. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S ASignificance Historically conducted using X-rays, crystallographic experiments hinge on averaging the diffracted signal from a large number of identical unit cells arrayed within a periodic lattice. One avenue of active research has focused on developing
Saha A +6 more
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Structural degeneracy and formation of crystallographic domains in epitaxial LaFeO3 films revealed by machine-learning assisted 4D-STEM. [PDF]
Sci RepStructural domains and domain walls, inherent in single crystalline perovskite oxides, can significantly influence the properties of the material and therefore must be considered as a vital part of the design of the epitaxial oxide thin films.
Zhu M +8 more
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Nanoscale mapping of point defects with 4D-STEM
, 2022 The following 4D-STEM data sets were collected on the ThemIS and TitanX scanning transmission electron microscopes located at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. 1•
Kohnert, Aaron +5 more
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Toward Quantitative Electrodeposition via In Situ Liquid Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy: Studying Electroplated Zinc Using Basic Image Processing and 4D STEM. [PDF]
Small MethodsHigh energy density electrochemical systems such as metal batteries suffer from uncontrollable dendrite growth on cycling, which can severely compromise battery safety and longevity.
Park J +18 more
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