Results 81 to 90 of about 9,369 (262)

Opening the Black Box of Nonprofit Reputation and Volunteer Attraction With Supervised Machine Learning

Nonprofit Management and Leadership, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT With the aim to explore the potential of machine learning for nonprofit research, this article contrasts traditional linear regression with four contemporary supervised machine learning approaches. Concretely, we predict (1) reputation ratings and (2) the total number of volunteers for 4021 non‐profit organizations in the U.S.
Moritz Schmid, Hannes Lampe, Jurgen Willems   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Recovery from electrode position uncertainties in geophysical electrical resistance tomography – Application to moisture transport imaging

Near Surface Geophysics, EarlyView.
Abstract In studies of subsurface hydrology, monitoring and imaging techniques are used to estimate the moisture content, or to track moisture or injected tracer movement. One applied imaging technique is electrical resistance tomography (ERT), in which measurements collected using electrodes placed on the ground surface or in boreholes are used to ...
Mikko Räsänen, Ruanui Nicholson, Jari Kaipio, Aku Ursin   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Coverage‐based rarefaction fails to quantify relative species richness

Oikos, EarlyView.
Coverage‐based rarefaction (CBR) is a high‐profile tool for assessing biodiversity that provides relative species richness estimates by leveraging the Good‐Turing index u to interpolate. In contrast to alternatives such as the Shannon and Simpson indices, CBR's main appeal is providing values in units of species. CBR is tested against a series of other
John Alroy
wiley   +1 more source

Piecewise structural equation modelling in ecology: common pitfalls and best practices for causal inference

Oikos, EarlyView.
Structural equation modelling (SEM) has become a cornerstone tool in ecology for testing hypotheses about causal relationships and disentangling direct and indirect effects. However, its growing use has led to frequent conceptual and methodological misapplications.
Álvaro Gaytán
wiley   +1 more source

Local Search and the Evolution of World Models

Topics in Cognitive Science, EarlyView., 2023
Abstract An open question regarding how people develop their models of the world is how new candidates are generated for consideration out of infinitely many possibilities. We discuss the role that evolutionary mechanisms play in this process. Specifically, we argue that when it comes to developing a global world model, innovation is necessarily ...
Neil R. Bramley, Bonan Zhao, Tadeg Quillien, Christopher G. Lucas   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Accelerating the prioritisation of plant species with underexplored medicinal potential: The pm4mp (Phylogenetic Methods for Medicinal Plants) R package

PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, EarlyView.
Medicinal plants used in ethnobotanical traditions to treat or prevent diseases have gained renewed interest for their largely untapped potential in drug discovery. In this study, we developed and tested novel methods to prioritise plant species based on their unexplored medicinal potential. By enabling researchers to target the most promising species,
Giovanni Zecca, Elisa Toini, Massimo Labra, Fabrizio Grassi   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

An Introduction to Predictive Processing Models of Perception and Decision‐Making

Topics in Cognitive Science, EarlyView., 2023
Abstract The predictive processing framework includes a broad set of ideas, which might be articulated and developed in a variety of ways, concerning how the brain may leverage predictive models when implementing perception, cognition, decision‐making, and motor control.
Mark Sprevak, Ryan Smith
wiley   +1 more source

Molecular Basis for Uracil‐DNA‐Glycosylase to Identify DNA Damage in the Nucleosome

Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT The DNA base‐excision repair (BER) pathway is initiated by a glycosylase, such as uracil‐DNA‐glycosylase (UDG), which identifies and removes a wrong base incorporated in the DNA sequence. The very early steps in the identification of the DNA damage are crucial to the correct initiation of the repair chain, and become even more complex when ...
Safwen Ghediri, Ralf Blossey, Fabrizio Cleri   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

In planta fluxapyroxad gradients from seed treatment differentially select fungicide‐sensitive and reduced‐sensitive genotypes of Pyrenophora teres f. maculata

Pest Management Science, EarlyView.
Spatial concentration gradients of seed‐applied fluxapyroxad within barley create heterogeneous exposure environments, driving differential suppression of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor‐sensitive Pyrenophora teres f. maculata isolates and enrichment of reduced‐sensitive genotypes, thereby shaping within‐host fungicide resistance selection dynamics ...
Arundhati Singh, Elizabeth Czislowski, Mark Gibberd, Kefei Chen, Francisco J Lopez‐Ruiz, M Jordi Muria‐Gonzalez   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

EnKF and expectation‐maximization based parameter estimation of a convective gravity‐wave parameterization using Strateole 2 constant‐level balloon data

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, EarlyView.
An offline methodology is applied to estimate parameters of a convective gravity‐wave scheme using momentum flux (MF) observations from constant‐level balloons (left panels: pdfs of east and west MFs in green from observations and black from EnKF). The approach integrates an ensemble Kalman filter with an expectation‐maximization algorithm and permits ...
F. Lott, P. Tandeo, M. Pulido, D. Bardet
wiley   +1 more source