Results 131 to 140 of about 21,244 (285)

Chromosome fusions shaped karyotype evolution and evolutionary relationships in the model family Brassicaceae

Nature Communications
The ancestral crucifer karyotype and 22 conserved genomic blocks (CGBs) facilitate phylogenomic analyses in the Brassicaceae. Chromosomal rearrangements reshuffled CGBs of ancestral chromosomes during karyotype evolution.
Xinyao Jiang, Quanjun Hu, Dong Mei, Xiaonan Li, Ling Xiang, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Xiaoming Song, Jianquan Liu, Martin A. Lysak, Pengchuan Sun   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal macroevolutionary trends in theropod dinosaurs, with emphasis on Tyrannosauroidea

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Tyrannosaurus is viewed as a model organism in vertebrate paleontology, with numerous studies analyzing its feeding biomechanics. Nonetheless, the evolution of this feeding performance has been under‐addressed in Tyrannosauroidea, especially in basal tyrannosauroids. Here we used muscle‐force reconstruction and finite element analysis (FEA) to
Evan Johnson‐Ransom, Paul Gignac, Daniel E. Barta, Ryan N. Felice, Eric Snively   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Osteohistology of two phorusrhacids reveals uninterrupted growth strategy

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Phorusrhacidae were apex predators that primarily dominated South America ecosystems for at least 40 million years with their imposing size and predatory lifestyle—yet some aspects of their biology remain poorly understood. Osteohistology is a tool for understanding growth dynamics and biomechanical adaptations.
Lotta Dreyer, Christian Cooper, Jingmai O'Connor   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Comparative genomics reveals carbohydrate enzymatic fluctuations and herbivorous adaptations in arthropods

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
Background: Arthropods represent the largest and most diverse phylum on Earth, playing a pivotal role in the biosphere. One key to their evolutionary success is their ability to feed on plant material.
Dairon Ojeda-Martinez, Isabel Diaz, M. Estrella Santamaria, Félix Ortego   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Nasal soft‐tissue anatomy of Triceratops and other horned dinosaurs

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Although ceratopsid dinosaurs possess a characteristically hypertrophied narial region, soft‐tissue anatomy associated with such a skeletal structure and their biological significance remain poorly understood. The present study provides the first comprehensive hypothesis on the soft‐tissue anatomy in the ceratopsid rostrum based on the Extant ...
Seishiro Tada, Takanobu Tsuihiji, Hiroki Ishikawa, Noriyuki Wakimizu, Soichiro Kawabe, Kodai Sakane   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Disentangling Ancestral State Reconstruction in historical linguistics

Diachronica
Abstract Ancestral State Reconstruction (ASR) is an essential part of historical linguistics (HL). Conventional ASR in HL relies on three core principles: fewest changes on the tree, plausibility of changes and plausibility of the resulting combinations of features in proto-languages.
openaire   +1 more source

Phylogeny, ancestral range reconstruction and partial taxonomic revision of Pacific Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)

, 2008
Cyrtandra J.R. & G.Forster (Gesneriaceae) is one of the most widely dispersed plant genera in southeast Asia and the Pacific. Species concepts are variable and characters used to differentiate species are minimally useful between lineages.
Clark, John
core   +1 more source

MicroCT reinvestigation of the only articulated fossil anostomid fish reveals synonymy of Arhinolemur Ameghino, 1898 and Megaleporinus Ramirez et al., 2017

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Arhinolemur scalabrinii† Ameghino, 1898 was originally described as a strepsirrhine primate (Mammalia) but has been recognized as an anostomid fish since 2012. It remains the only extinct anostomid species known from complete cranial material.
Karen M. Panzeri, Humberto L. Andrelino, Sergio Bogan, José P. O'Gorman, Federico Agnolín, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Nahuel Vega, Agustín G. Martinelli, José L. Birindelli   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Figure S2. Ancestral state reconstruction of viviparity for Liolaemidae using the uncorrected sample fraction

, 2016
Figure S2. Ancestral state reconstruction of viviparity for Liolaemidae using the uncorrected sample fraction from HiSSE model-averaged across all tested models.
Sean Harrington (3254358), Tod Reeder (3254361), Reeder, Tod W., Harrington, Sean   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Redescription of the Triassic cynodont Cistecynodon parvus and reassessment of its phylogeny

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Cynodontia is an important subclade of Therapsida that first occurred in the late Permian. It includes extinct subclades which are the non‐mammaliaform cynodonts and Mammaliaformes, with the latter ultimately giving rise to crown mammals. The systematics of non‐mammaliaform cynodonts has been extensively studied and is relatively well‐resolved,
Erin S. Lund, Frederik P. Wolvaardt, Roger M. H. Smith, Jaganmoy Jodder, Julien Benoit   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source