Results 131 to 140 of about 92,975 (280)

New techniques for old bones: Morphometric and diffeomorphometric analysis of the bony labyrinth of the Reilingen and Ehringsdorf Neandertals

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Neandertals are known to possess very distinctive traits in their bony labyrinth morphology, such as an inferiorly positioned posterior canal and a very low number of turns in the cochlea. Hence, the inner ear has been often used to assess the Neandertal status of fragmentary fossils.
Alessandro Urciuoli, Julia Diez‐Valero, Ignacio Martínez, Rolf Quam, Brian A. Keeling, Nicole M. Webb, Mercedes Conde‐Valverde   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Chromosome fusions shaped karyotype evolution and evolutionary relationships in the model family Brassicaceae

Nature Communications
The ancestral crucifer karyotype and 22 conserved genomic blocks (CGBs) facilitate phylogenomic analyses in the Brassicaceae. Chromosomal rearrangements reshuffled CGBs of ancestral chromosomes during karyotype evolution.
Xinyao Jiang, Quanjun Hu, Dong Mei, Xiaonan Li, Ling Xiang, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Xiaoming Song, Jianquan Liu, Martin A. Lysak, Pengchuan Sun   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

An ontological morphological phylogenetic framework for living and extinct ray‐finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract The ray‐finned fishes include one out of every two species of living vertebrates on Earth and have an abundant fossil record stretching 380 million years into the past. The division of systematic knowledge of ray‐finned fishes between paleontologists working on extinct animals and neontologists studying extant species has obscured the ...
Jack Stack
wiley   +1 more source

Patterns of interspecific variation in labial microarchitecture among anthropoid primates and the evolution of the hominin lips

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Comparative histological and semi‐automated image analysis of primate lips: Masson's trichrome‐stained sagittal sections were segmented to quantify the connective tissue, adipose, and muscular components, enabling interspecific comparisons of labial architecture.
Liat Rotenstreich, Kfir Eliyahu, Nir Edery, Lior Moss, Saleem Eben Bari, Assaf Marom   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Comparative genomics reveals carbohydrate enzymatic fluctuations and herbivorous adaptations in arthropods

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
Background: Arthropods represent the largest and most diverse phylum on Earth, playing a pivotal role in the biosphere. One key to their evolutionary success is their ability to feed on plant material.
Dairon Ojeda-Martinez, Isabel Diaz, M. Estrella Santamaria, Félix Ortego   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Endothermy, neuron counts, and other issues: Further remarks on neurocognitive evolution in fossil vertebrates

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Last year, we challenged the view that large‐bodied theropod dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus rex resembled primates in cognition and behavior, a proposition made by Herculano‐Houzel in 2023. More recently, Jensen et al. have criticized our work on this topic, raising methodological and conceptual issues.
Kai R. Caspar, Cristián Gutiérrez‐Ibáñez, Hady George, Thomas R. Holtz Jr., Darren Naish, Grant R. Hurlburt   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Uncertainty in joint Ancestral State Reconstruction: Improving accuracy and biological interpretability of ancestral state prediction

Abstract Ancestral state reconstruction (ASR) is a foundational tool in comparative biology, offering insights into the evolutionary history of lineages. With each new evolutionary model, our ability to estimate ancestral states has improved alongside the increased biological realism of these models.
James D. Boyko, Kyle J. Gontjes, Evan S. Snitkin, Stephen A. Smith   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

The internal crest anatomy of Lambeosaurini (Hadrosauridae: Lambeosaurinae)

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract The supracranial crests of lambeosaurine hadrosaurids have long been a focus of study due primarily to their extreme morphology. The external anatomy of lambeosaurine crests is understood to be highly variable between species, but variation in their internal anatomy is less well understood.
Thomas W. Dudgeon, Courtney Brown, David C. Evans   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Extreme neck elongation evolved despite strong developmental constraints in bizarre Triassic reptiles—implications for neck modularity in archosaurs

Royal Society Open Science
The Triassic radiation of vertebrates saw the emergence of the modern vertebrate groups, as well as numerous extinct animals exhibiting conspicuous, unique anatomical characteristics.
Adam Rytel, Christine Böhmer, Stephan N. F. Spiekman, Mateusz Tałanda   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Comparative cranial biomechanics reveal macroevolutionary trends in theropod dinosaurs, with emphasis on Tyrannosauroidea

The Anatomical Record, EarlyView.
Abstract Tyrannosaurus is viewed as a model organism in vertebrate paleontology, with numerous studies analyzing its feeding biomechanics. Nonetheless, the evolution of this feeding performance has been under‐addressed in Tyrannosauroidea, especially in basal tyrannosauroids. Here we used muscle‐force reconstruction and finite element analysis (FEA) to
Evan Johnson‐Ransom, Paul Gignac, Daniel E. Barta, Ryan N. Felice, Eric Snively   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source