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A study of smoothing methods for language models applied to information retrieval
ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 2004Language modeling approaches to information retrieval are attractive and promising because they connect the problem of retrieval with that of language model estimation, which has been studied extensively in other application areas such as speech recognition.
ChengXiang Zhai, John D. Lafferty
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Centre for Applied Language Studies, University of Limerick, Ireland
Language Teaching, 2011The Centre for Applied Language Studies (CALS), founded in 1997, is a research centre within the School of Languages, Literature, Culture and Communication. It brings together researchers and postgraduate students from several disciplines within the School, which includes six languages: English (English Language Teaching and English Literature), French,
Angela Chambers +2 more
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Applying Language Alternation Studies
2007In a most inspiring paper, Heap (1990: 42) writes that ‘Any serious piece of scholarship presumes the existence of a compelling answer to the twin questions of Why Speak/Listen and Why Write/Read.’ That is, any piece of scholarship presumes an answer to the question ‘Why bother?’.
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Applying function point to unified modeling language: conversion model and pilot study
10th International Symposium on Software Metrics, 2004. Proceedings., 2004This paper considers convertibility of the elements of the Unified Modeling Language into entities of the Function Point Analysis, introduces a model for establishing the link, and presents a pilot study for comparing the Function Point counts provided by the model with those provided by a Function Point certified expert.
CANTONE, GIOVANNI, Pace, D, Calavaro, G.
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A study of smoothing methods for language models applied to Ad Hoc information retrieval
Proceedings of the 24th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, 2001Language modeling approaches to information retrieval are attractive and promising because they connect the problem of retrieval with that of language model estimation, which has been studied extensively in other application areas such as speech recognition.
ChengXiang Zhai, John D. Lafferty
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English Language Studies from Rhetoric to Applied English
2016Perhaps more than almost any other subject, the study of English language in a native-speaker context has been much debated, ideologised and caught up in issues of morality, citizenship, nationalism, liberty and identity. It is interesting to think why.
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Topic modelling applied to a second language: A language adaptation and tool evaluation study
Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings, 2020Maria Skeppstedt +5 more
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Editorial: Language, corpora, and technology in applied linguistics
Frontiers in Psychology, 2023Muhammad Afzaal, Afzaal Muhammad
exaly