Results 191 to 200 of about 117,776 (291)

Entropy in Hydrology

open access: yesPerspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, Volume 6, Issue 1, December 2025.
Abstract Although the concept of thermodynamic entropy due to Clausius dates back to the early 1850s, the mathematical theory of informational entropy was not developed until the pioneering work of Shannon in 1948, the development of principle of maximum entropy (POME) and theorem of concentration by Jaynes in 1957, principle of minimum cross entropy ...
Vijay P. Singh
wiley   +1 more source

Magnetar emergence in a peculiar gamma-ray burst from a compact star merger. [PDF]

open access: yesNatl Sci Rev
Sun H   +44 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Lack of Scientific Expertise in US Courts Is a Cause of National Concern in the Post‐Chevron Era

open access: yesPerspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, Volume 6, Issue 1, December 2025.
Abstract Much of the economic growth of the U.S. in the past century is a result of scientific and technological advancements. In disregard for science, the US Supreme Court recently overruled the Chevron doctrine (known as the Loper decision) that mandated courts to defer to an administrative agency's reasonable interpretation of an ambiguous statute.
T. Prabhakar Clement   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Reading signatures of supermassive binary black holes in pulsar timing array observations. [PDF]

open access: yesNat Commun
Goncharov B   +12 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Rethinking “Prebiotic Chemistry”

open access: yesPerspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, Volume 6, Issue 1, December 2025.
Abstract In origins‐of‐life research, the term “prebiotic chemistry” is commonly used to describe processes thought to be related to or required for the emergence of life. However, it suffers from several potential drawbacks that have caused the present group of authors to rethink their usage of the term.
Michael L. Wong   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Achieving GPT-4o level performance in astronomy with a specialized 8B-parameter large language model. [PDF]

open access: yesSci Rep
de Haan T   +8 more
europepmc   +1 more source

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