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Revisiting the Population Attributable Fraction
EpidemiologyBackground: The population attributable fraction corresponds to the reduction of the outcome had individuals (counter-to-fact) not experienced the exposure scaled by the observed incidence. Estimators proposed by Levin and Miettinen implicitly assume the study population is a random sample of the target population, which is not
Mark Klose +2 more
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Alcohol attributable fractions for England
2019A short report presenting our estimates of the fraction of disease cases caused by alcohol in England.
Webster, Laura +4 more
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Attributable fraction estimation from complex sample survey data
Annals of Epidemiology, 2015A review of methods for the estimation of attributable fraction (AF) statistics from case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort data collected under a complex sample design. Provide guidance on practical methods of complex sample AF estimation and inference using contemporary software tools.Statistical literature on AF estimation from complex samples for
Steven G, Heeringa +4 more
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Fractional counts for authorship attribution: A numerical study
Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1995Responding to Leimkuhler's call for more computer experimentation in informetrics, this numerical study aims to illustrate observed appearances of fractional counts graphs. For instance, assuming a Lotka distribution for articles per author, it shows that for fields in which the single-author article dominates, a maximum value will always occur at one.
Burrell, Q., Rousseau, Ronald
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Using instrumental variables to estimate the attributable fraction
Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2019In order to design efficient interventions aimed to improve public health, policy makers need to be provided with reliable information of the health burden of different risk factors. For this purpose, we are interested in the proportion of cases that could be prevented had some harmful exposure been eliminated from the population, i.e.
Elisabeth Dahlqwist +2 more
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Cumulative Risk and Population Attributable Fraction in Prevention
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2003Compares the use of relative risk versus population attributable fraction in determining the target population for multirisk prevention programs in psychology. Results show that relative risk generally increases as a function of cumulative risk. Guided by this measure, prevention programs should target populations with the largest cumulative risk ...
Caroline H, Davis +3 more
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Attributable Fractions: Bias from Broad Definition of Exposure
Epidemiology, 2001In certain special situations, simplification of an exposure measure into a dichotomy results in no bias from nondifferential misclassification when estimating the attributable fraction for "any exposure." This fact has led to recommendations to use a broad definition of exposure when estimating attributable fractions.
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Estimation of attributable fractions using inverse probability weighting
Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2010The attributable fraction is commonly used in epidemiology to quantify the impact of an exposure on a disease. Several estimation methods have been suggested in the literature, including maximum likelihood estimation. In this article we propose an additional estimation method, based on inverse probability weighting.
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The fraction of traffic fatalities attributable to alcohol
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1990The vast literature on alcohol's effect on traffic safety does not contain even a moderately satisfactory answer to one of the most basic questions, namely "What is the fraction of all traffic fatalities attributable to alcohol use?" A published estimate of 23.7% based on an erroneous calculation has been widely quoted.
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Population-attributable fraction for occupation and asthma
2010Here we review the use of the concept of population-attributable risk (PAR) of asthma associated with occupation and give the context for its interpretation. For asthma there is major interest in delineating the “burden of disease”, because such assessments can inform health care priorities, intervention policies, and assessment of impact once such ...
Kjell Torén, Paul D. Blanc
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