Results 251 to 260 of about 7,487,491 (297)

Diagnosticity and the base-rate effect

Memory & Cognition, 1984
A common judgmental task involves predicting the category membership of an individual on the basis of information specific to that individual and background information regarding the base rate of different categories. According to statistical theory, predictions may deviate from base rates only to the extent that the individuating information is ...
B, Fischhoff, M, Bar-Hillel
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Neglect the Base Rate: It's the Law! [PDF]

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
If accurate prediction is the goal, and if information about the unconditional probability of the predicted event is available, a strong case can be made for using this information, i.e. for a Bayesian approach to inference. Not so rarely, the law calls for accurate prediction, e.g. if a bailing decision hinges on an estimate of recidivism risk.
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Opportunity-Based Suicide Rates

Psychological Reports, 1988
Clarke (1984) discussed the possibility of basing crime rates on the number of opportunities for crimes being committed rather than per capita of the population. Crime rates can be expressed relative to the target of crime (for example, the number of burglaries per houselapartment), to the means of commission (for example, auto thefts per car), to ...
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On Sampling Rates in Simulation-Based Recursions

SIAM Journal on Optimization, 2018
zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Raghu Pasupathy, Peter W. Glynn, Soumyadip Ghosh, Fatemeh Sadat Hashemi   +3 more
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A Low-Rate DoS Detection Based on Rate Anomalies

2011
Low-rate Denial-of-Service attacks are stealthier and trickier than traditional DDoS attacks. According to the characteristic of periodicity and short burst in LDoS flows, a detection measure against LDoS attacks based on rate anomalies has been proposed. In the period when the router packet loss-rate is abnormal caused by the attack pulse, the rate of
Libing Wu, Jing Cheng, Yanxiang He, Ao Xu, Peng Wen   +4 more
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Using receiver-based rate matching for congestion detection in rate-based protocols

2003 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003., 2004
Traditional congestion control schemes rely solely on packet losses as an indication of congestion. This paper motivates and describes the use of receiver-based rate estimation for the proactive detection of incipient congestion in rate-based protocols.
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The Internal Ratings-Based Approach

2012
Abstract This chapter discusses the internal ratings-based approach (IRB). The IRB permits a bank to use its internal models to derive risk weights for particular exposures. There are two available bases for the IRB: foundation (F-IRB), which permits the bank to model Probability of Default (PD), but relies on regulatory standard figures
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Rate increase via “rate base” upheld

Journal AWWA, 1981
A public utility commission did not error in establishing the rate for a water company by utilizing the “rate base” method, according to the Court of Appeals of North Carolina. Customers of the Springfield Water Company claimed that portions of lot purchase prices were paying for the water system and that the rate base was inflated, but the appellate ...
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RATE BASE METHODS AND REALIZED RATES OF RETURN

Economic Inquiry, 1978
Considerable regulatory energy and academic research has been devoted to examining the question of what constitutes the “correct” basis of valuation of the rate base for utility firms. This study compares utility earnings using data which adjust for differences among state jurisdictions concerning what is allowed in the rate base. The results show that
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Rate of return regulation and rate base valuation

Regional Science and Urban Economics, 1998
Abstract We analyze the rate of return (ROR) regulation that values a firm's assets at their book values, and decompose its effects into three components: the Averch–Johnson (AJ) effect, the capital-gains effect, and the book-valuation effect. We show that the book-valuation effect can upset the AJ effect to cause an underinvestment in capital.
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