Results 181 to 190 of about 2,827,783 (231)

Closing loopholes in the biological weapons convention

Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 2002
The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) received two major blows in the past months. Negotiations for a protocol to strengthen the BTWC came to a halt and the Fifth Review Conference was unable to reach agreement on a final declaration. In addition, ongoing research projects, predominantly in the United States, are threatening to undermine ...
Jan, van Aken, Edward, Hammond
exaly   +3 more sources

Verifying Compliance to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention

Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 1998
There are difficult technical problems inherent in verifying compliance to the Biological Weapons and Toxin Convention (BWC) that are making it difficult to reach international agreement on a verification protocol. A compliance regime will most likely involve the formation of an Organization for the Prevention of Biological Warfare (OPBW).
Raymond A Zilinskas
exaly   +3 more sources

ENSURING THE FUTURE OF THE BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION

Nonproliferation Review, 2011
This introductory article first provides an overview of key historical developments pertaining to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), exposing the roots of the assertion that the treaty is unverifiable. The article also reviews the factors that have changed since the BWC's negotiation, including those that loom over the BWC's effective ...
Jean Pascal Zanders, Amy E. Smithson
exaly   +2 more sources

Verification of the biological weapons convention: What is needed?

Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 2002
The lack of transparency and verification of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) is one factor behind the current weakening of the ban on biological weapons. Despite recent setbacks, governments need to fill the verification gap so that violations of the BWC can be detected and deterred.
exaly   +3 more sources

Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention

Science, 1998
An international treaty banning the development of biological weapons has been in effect since 1975 but lacks an effective compliance protocol for visits and inspections of facilities that might be engaged in these activities. The U.S. biopharmaceutical industry has been reluctant to subject itself to such visits.
T P, Monath, L K, Gordon
openaire   +2 more sources

The Biological Weapons Convention: An overview

International Review of the Red Cross, 1997
Since ancient times, the use in war of poison and pathogenic agents has been considered a treacherous practice. It was condemned by international declarations and treaties, notably by the 1907 Hague Convention (IV) respecting the laws and customs of war on land.
openaire   +1 more source

The biological weapons convention after November 2002*

Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 2003
The Fifth Review Conference of the Biological Weapons Convention, in November 2002, was the first to fail to produce a Final Document. It saw heated debate on non-compliance with the spirit of the prohibitions that it enshrines and marked the collapse of almost ten years of negotiations attempting to create a Protocol to strengthen the Convention. What
openaire   +2 more sources

Biological Weapons Convention

The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction was opened for signature by the world’s nations on April 10, 1972. The goal of the Biological Weapons Convention, as it is commonly known, was, and remains, to rid the world of biological weapons ...
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Bioterrorism and the biological weapons convention ‐ the wider context

Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 2002
GeneWatch UK is an independent, voluntary, not‐for‐profit organization formed in January 1998 and incorporated in May 1998. GeneWatch works to promote environmental, ethical, social, human health and animal welfare considerations in decision‐making about genetic engineering and other genetic technologies.
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A new role for scientists in the Biological Weapons Convention

Nature Biotechnology, 2005
Moves are afoot that could make individual scientists, not just governments, accountable under international and national bioweapon legislation.
openaire   +2 more sources