How variable are Birkeland currents?
Earth, Planets and Space, 2023 I address the problem of estimating the time-rate-of-change of high-latitude Birkeland currents by using a string-of-pearls formation of satellites. Space series are calculated by linear interpolation of measurements made at the revisit times of the ...
Johnathan K. Burchill
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Timescales of Birkeland Currents Driven by the IMF [PDF]
Geophysical Research Letters, 2019 We obtain current densities from the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE), alongside By and Bz from the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) for March 2010.
John C. Coxon +7 more
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Birkeland current boundary flows [PDF]
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2017 AbstractIntense zonal ion velocity jets in the northern nightside auroral zone are measured during quiet geomagnetic conditions by the Swarm satellites around 500 km altitude. These velocity jets, exceeding 1 km/s in over 50% of orbits measured, range from 20 to 100 km in meridional thickness and reach a maximum at the boundary between upward and ...
W. E. Archer +6 more
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Magnetosphere dynamics during the 14 November 2012 storm inferred from TWINS, AMPERE, Van Allen Probes, and BATS-R-US–CRCM [PDF]
Annales Geophysicae, 2018 During the 14 November 2012 geomagnetic storm, the Van Allen Probes spacecraft observed a number of sharp decreases (dropouts) in particle fluxes for ions and electrons of different energies.
N. Buzulukova +10 more
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Comparison of Birkeland current observations during two magnetic cloud events with MHD simulations [PDF]
Annales Geophysicae, 2008 Low altitude field-aligned current densities obtained from global magnetospheric simulations are compared with two-dimensional distributions of Birkeland currents at the topside ionosphere derived from magnetic field observations by the constellation ...
H. Korth +3 more
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Statistical analysis of the dependence of large-scale Birkeland currents on solar wind parameters [PDF]
Annales Geophysicae, 2010 The spatial distributions of large-scale field-aligned Birkeland currents have been derived using magnetic field data obtained from the Iridium constellation of satellites from February 1999 to December 2007.
H. Korth, B. J. Anderson, C. L. Waters
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Comparison of the observed dependence of large-scale Birkeland currents on solar wind parameters with that obtained from global simulations [PDF]
Annales Geophysicae, 2011 Spatial distributions of the large-scale Birkeland currents derived from magnetic field data acquired by the constellation of Iridium Communications satellites have been compared with global-magnetosphere magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations.
H. Korth +3 more
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Kristian Birkeland's pioneering investigations of geomagnetic disturbances [PDF]
History of Geo- and Space Sciences, 2010 More than 100 years ago Kristian Birkeland (1967–1917) addressed questions that had vexed scientists for centuries. Why do auroras appear overhead while the Earth's magnetic field is disturbed?
W. J. Burke, A. Egeland
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Plasma flows, Birkeland currents and auroral forms in relation to the Svalgaard-Mansurov effect [PDF]
Annales Geophysicae, 2012 The traditional explanation of the polar cap magnetic deflections, referred to as the Svalgaard-Mansurov effect, is in terms of currents associated with ionospheric flow resulting from the release of magnetic tension on newly open magnetic field ...
P. E. Sandholt, C. J. Farrugia
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Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 2022 It is often assumed that on average, polar ionospheric electrodynamics in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are mirror symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to the interplanetary magnetic field By component and the dipole tilt angle ψ. For example,
S. M. Hatch +2 more
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