Linear tail-biting trellises: Characteristic generators and the BCJR-construction [PDF]
, 2010 We investigate the constructions of tail-biting trellises for linear block codes introduced by Koetter/Vardy (2003) and Nori/Shankar (2006). For a given code we will define the sets of characteristic generators more generally than by Koetter/Vardy and we
Gluesing-Luerssen, Heide +1 more
core +1 more source
Biting Midges, No-See-Ums Culicoides spp. (Insecta: Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
EDISBiting midges (also known as no-see-ums, sand flies, or sand gnats) are tiny bloodsucking flies that are important for several reasons. In the United States, especially in coastal areas, these biting insects are often abundant and persistent pests of ...
Nathan D Burkett-Cadena +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Postural And Eye-Positional Effects On Human Biting Force: An Experimental Study
Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2012 Muscle groups affected on biting force are called temporal muscle as a major and masseter muscle as a minor. According to the human posture stability, forces of these muscles vary with the force directions.
Altay Tabancacı +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Transmission dynamics and prospects for the elimination of canine rabies [PDF]
, 2009 Rabies has been eliminated from domestic dog populations in Western Europe and North America, but continues to kill many thousands of people throughout Africa and Asia every year.
Cleaveland, S. +7 more
core +5 more sources
Aquatic Invertebrates as Unlikely Vectors of Buruli Ulcer Disease
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2008 Buruli ulcer is a necrotizing skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and associated with exposure to aquatic habitats. To assess possible transmission of M. ulcerans by aquatic biting insects, we conducted a field examination of biting water bugs (
M. Eric Benbow +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Appetite for self-destruction: suicidal biting as a nest defense strategy in Trigona stingless bees [PDF]
, 2014 Self-sacrificial behavior represents an extreme and relatively uncommon form of altruism in worker insects. It can occur, however, when inclusive fitness benefits are high, such as when defending the nest.
Al Toufailia, Hasan +5 more
core +2 more sources
The Importance of the Social Sciences in Reducing Tail Biting Prevalence in Pigs
Animals, 2019 Simple Summary Tail lesions are a major welfare concern within pig farming. Tail lesions result from biting and chewing of the tail of one pig by another and can indicate boredom and frustration within the herd.
G. Carroll, J. Groarke
semanticscholar +1 more source
Simple Rate-1/3 Convolutional and Tail-Biting Quantum Error-Correcting Codes
, 2005 Simple rate-1/3 single-error-correcting unrestricted and CSS-type quantum convolutional codes are constructed from classical self-orthogonal $\F_4$-linear and $\F_2$-linear convolutional codes, respectively.
Forney, Jr., G. David, Guha, Saikat
core +2 more sources
Consistently high estimates for the proportion of human exposure to malaria vector populations occurring indoors in rural Africa. [PDF]
, 2013 BACKGROUND: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are highly effective tools for controlling malaria transmission in Africa because the most important vectors, from the Anopheles gambiae complex and the A.
Abdulla, Salim +10 more
core +4 more sources
Cows painted with zebra-like striping can avoid biting fly attack
PLoS ONE, 2019 Experimental and comparative studies suggest that the striped coats of zebras can prevent biting fly attacks. Biting flies are serious pests of livestock that cause economic losses in animal production.
Tomoki Kojima +10 more
semanticscholar +1 more source