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Dislocation Propagation in Si 300 mm Wafer during High Thermal Budget Process and Its Optimization
International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and IC's, 2020This paper shows a new process guideline of high thermal budget process with Si 300 mm wafer in order to eliminate the dislocations. In the case of IGBT, high thermal budget process such as oxidation, diffusion, etc., cause large stress in wafer, and ...
Ryohei Sato +3 more
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Ideology, Unionization, and Personnel Politics in the Federal Budget Process
, 2020This article studies how administrations seek to shape the federal workforce through the budget process. I develop a theory of personnel politics in which presidents balance ideological and interest group demands in distributing human resources across ...
Alexander Bolton
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, 2020
In the past, the field of public libraries proved to be a neglected area of government in terms of allocating handsome budgets for adequate services and developing infrastructure.
Muhammad Rafi +3 more
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In the past, the field of public libraries proved to be a neglected area of government in terms of allocating handsome budgets for adequate services and developing infrastructure.
Muhammad Rafi +3 more
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Does the budget process matter for infrastructure spending? Capital budgeting in local government
Public Money & Management, 2018Investment in long-term capital projects plays an increasingly important role in improving the quality of many public services, as well as promoting economic development.
I. Chung
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Citizen Participation in the Budget Process
, 2015• Since 2010, the Philippines now provides adequate opportunities for citizens to participate in the budget process—ranking 5th in the world in the OBS pillar on public engagement— because of the following reforms: Developed the Principles of ...
C. Ebdon
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2018
The budget is the government’s plan for revenues and expenditure; it enables the government to deliver services to the people and implement its development plans. The Afghan budget is composed of two parts: an operating budget and a development budget.
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The budget is the government’s plan for revenues and expenditure; it enables the government to deliver services to the people and implement its development plans. The Afghan budget is composed of two parts: an operating budget and a development budget.
openaire +1 more source
Token-Budget-Aware LLM Reasoning
Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational LinguisticsReasoning is critical for large language models (LLMs) to excel in a wide range of tasks. While methods like Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning and enhance LLM performance by decomposing problems into intermediate steps, they also incur significant ...
Tingxu Han +5 more
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Politicians’ use of performance information in the budget process
, 2022Ringa Raudla
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1990
After studying this chapter, you should be able to: describe the six different purposes of budgets; describe the various stages in the budget process; prepare functional and master budgets; distinguish between incremental and zero-base budgeting; explain the role of planning, programming budgeting systems in non-profit ...
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After studying this chapter, you should be able to: describe the six different purposes of budgets; describe the various stages in the budget process; prepare functional and master budgets; distinguish between incremental and zero-base budgeting; explain the role of planning, programming budgeting systems in non-profit ...
openaire +1 more source