Modified capacitor voltage balancing sorting algorithm for modular multilevel converter
The Journal of Engineering, 2019 The modular multilevel converter (MMC) with large-scale sub-modules has the advantage of simpler modulation, lower switching frequency, and lower harmonic component, thus would be very promising in voltage source converter (VSC)–high voltage direct ...
Jie Zhang +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Analysis and Design of 4-to-1 Capacitor-Stacking Balancer for Stacked Voltage Domain
IEEE Access, 2020 This paper presents an alternative method for achieving more efficient and reliable DC-DC conversion and balancing operations for low-power applications in a stacked voltage domain.
Gwangyol Noh, Jules Mace, Jung-Ik Ha
doaj +1 more source
A hybrid multilevel converter for medium and high voltage applications [PDF]
, 2010 This paper investigates the suitability of the hybrid multilevel converter for medium and high voltage application. The converter operation, modulation, and capacitor voltage balancing method are described in detail.
Adam, Grain Philip +4 more
core
Simple time domain analysis of a 4-level H-bridge flying capacitor converter voltage balancing [PDF]
, 2010 Flying Capacitor (FC) multilevel Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) converters are an attractive choice due to the natural balancing property of the capacitor voltages.
Melkebeek, Jan +3 more
core +2 more sources
Voltage balancing scheme for flying capacitor multilevel converters
IET Power Electronics, 2013 This study proposes a voltage balancing scheme for flying capacitors multilevel converters. The strategy is based on the redundancy of switching states. By using analytic expressions, the authors study the balancing properties of each switching state.
Fernando Salinas +2 more
openaire +1 more source
A Depolarizing Leak in Sodium Bicarbonate Cotransporter NBCe1 Causes Brain Edema
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Objectives SLC4A4 encodes electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1, prominently expressed in kidney and brain. Recessive loss‐of‐function variants in SLC4A4 cause proximal renal tubular acidosis, no brain edema. In the brain, NBCe1 is expressed by astrocytes, where it regulates pH and mediates astrocyte volume changes.
Quinty Bisseling +16 more
wiley +1 more source
IET Power ElectronicsThe problem of submodule switching frequency reduction in half‐bridge modular multilevel converters (HB‐MMCs) with capacitor voltage self‐balancing control is considered and explored in this paper.
Yiyuan Zhou +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Power electronics options for large wind farm integration : VSC-based HVDC transmission [PDF]
, 2006 This paper describes the use of voltage source converter based HVDC transmission (VSC transmission) system for grid integration of large wind farms over long distance.
Sasse, C., Xu, L., Yao, L.
core +2 more sources
Packaging of Macroscopic Material Payloads: Needs, Challenges, Concepts, and Future Directions
Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.This review introduces a unified framework that decomposes any macroscopic packaging system into the payload, packaging material, and packaging strategy and combines them into a conceptual packaging equation: packaging strategy = payload + packaging material.
Venkata S. R. Jampani, Manos Anyfantakis
wiley +1 more source
Hybrid and modular multilevel converter designs for isolated HVDC–DC converters [PDF]
, 2018 Efficient medium and high-voltage dc-dc conversion is critical for future dc grids. This paper proposes a hybrid multilevel dc-ac converter structure that is used as the kernel of dc-dc conversion systems.
Adam, G.P. +4 more
core +1 more source