Results 221 to 230 of about 5,933,118 (327)

The Shapes of Clines and Wavefronts

open access: yesMolecular Ecology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Cline theory has a central place in speciation studies. Cline locations delimit taxon boundaries, cline widths scale with barrier strength, and the shapes of clines (smooth or stepped) suggest whether species barriers are mono‐ or polygenic. How cline shapes vary along chromosomes therefore forms part of the genome's species barrier landscape.
Stuart J. E. Baird, Nina Daley
wiley   +1 more source

The simplicity of physical laws

open access: yesNoûs, EarlyView.
Abstract Physical laws are strikingly simple, yet there is no a priori reason for them to be so. I propose that nomic realists—Humeans and non‐Humeans—should recognize simplicity as a fundamental epistemic guide for discovering and evaluating candidate physical laws.
Eddy Keming Chen
wiley   +1 more source

Expected value, to a point: Moral decision‐making under background uncertainty

open access: yesNoûs, EarlyView.
Abstract Expected value maximization gives plausible guidance for moral decision‐making under uncertainty in many situations. But it has unappetizing implications in ‘Pascalian’ situations involving tiny probabilities of extreme outcomes. This paper shows, first, that under realistic levels of ‘background uncertainty’ about sources of value independent
Christian Tarsney
wiley   +1 more source

Avoiding Pain to Others Motivates Effortful Prosocial Behavior

open access: yesAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences, EarlyView.
Protecting others from harm is critical for societal well‐being but is often effortful. We examined how individuals choose to exert physical effort to reduce their and another person's pain. Results showed that individuals are similarly motivated to incur effort costs to help themselves and another person. We demonstrated that humans are not inherently
Claudia Massaccesi   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

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