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Biosynthesis of chloramphenicol
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 1969AbstractThe current knowledge concerning the biosynthesis of chloramphenicol is discussed. Cultures of Streptomyces sp. 3022a fed 14C‐shikimie acid incorporated the label to the same extent into phenylalanine, tyrosine, and chloramphenicol. Of possible precursors of the phenylpropanoid nucleus of this antibiotic only p‐aminophenylalanine and DL‐threo‐p‐
D W, Westlake, L C, Vining
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The Renaissance of Chloramphenicol
Pediatric Clinics of North America, 1981Although chloramphenicol was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic, its use was curtailed when it was found to cause serious blood dyscrasias and undesirable side effects. The recent resurgence in use of chloramphenicol can be attributed to the emergence of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae, the increased awareness of anaerobic infections, and ...
A S, Dajani, R E, Kauffman
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Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Chloramphenicol and Chloramphenicol Succinate
Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 1984In recent years there has been a renewal of interest in chloramphenicol, predominantly because of the emergence of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae, the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in infants and children. Three preparations of chloramphenicol are most commonly used in clinical practice: a crystalline powder for oral administration,
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Inactivation of Chloramphenicol by Chloramphenicol-Resistant Bacteria
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1964Virtually all (94.5 per cent of 110) chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Sbigella, Escherichia , and Staphylococcus isolated from clinical cases caused significant inactivation of the antibiotic, but none of the 29 resistant pseudomonads did so. None of the 235 clinically isolated sensitive strains, representing five genera, inactivated the drug ...
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Chloramphenicol and Tetracyclines
Medical Clinics of North America, 1987Tetracyclines have a broad range of clinical usefulness because of their broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity. For most routine gram positive and gram negative infections, alternative agents are available, but for Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae, Brucella, and Borrelia they still remain agents of choice.
E L, Francke, H C, Neu
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Intraventricular Chloramphenicol
Pediatric Neurosurgery, 1978Very high intraventricular chloramphenicol levels can be obtained if the standard systemic dose is supplemented with a small intraventricular dose. Chloramphenicol sodium succinate can be hydrolyzed to the microbiologically active chloramphenicol in the ventricular fluid.
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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1952
Summary and Conclusions 1. Fifteen patients with typical acute cases of malaria were treated with chloramphenicol by the oral route. In 13 cases Plasmodium vivax was found; in one Plasmodium falciparum was found alone, and two were mixed infections. 2. The dose varied from 50 mg. to 75 mg. per kilogram of body weight per day.
F, RUIZ-SANCHEZ +4 more
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Summary and Conclusions 1. Fifteen patients with typical acute cases of malaria were treated with chloramphenicol by the oral route. In 13 cases Plasmodium vivax was found; in one Plasmodium falciparum was found alone, and two were mixed infections. 2. The dose varied from 50 mg. to 75 mg. per kilogram of body weight per day.
F, RUIZ-SANCHEZ +4 more
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Pediatrics in Review, 2004
1. Howard J. Balbi, MD* 1. *Director, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center, West Islip, NY; Associate Professor of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1.
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1. Howard J. Balbi, MD* 1. *Director, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center, West Islip, NY; Associate Professor of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1.
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Pediatrics, 1982
In a recent report describing chloramphenicol pharmacokinetics1 it was stated that patients changing from intravenous to oral administration of the antibiotic exhibited prolonged half-life (t½ = 6.5 ± 2.5 [SD] hours) compared with values obtained during intravenous administration ( t½ = 4.0 ± 1.4 [SD] hours).
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In a recent report describing chloramphenicol pharmacokinetics1 it was stated that patients changing from intravenous to oral administration of the antibiotic exhibited prolonged half-life (t½ = 6.5 ± 2.5 [SD] hours) compared with values obtained during intravenous administration ( t½ = 4.0 ± 1.4 [SD] hours).
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Pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol succinate in infants and children
The Journal of Pediatrics, 1981The metabolism and elimination of chloramphenicol-3-monosuccinate was studied in 45 infants and children, ages 3 days to 16 years, during intravenous administration. The apparent half-life of chloramphenicol was extremely variable, ranging from 1.7 to 12.0 hours with a mean of 5.1 hours.
R E, Kauffman +5 more
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