Results 21 to 30 of about 514,019 (280)

Modeling Chlorine Decay in Drinking Water Distribution Systems using Aquasim

Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2017
The main purpose of drinking water distribution systems or networks is to supply water of impeccable quality to consumers according to their demand. Problems relating to declining water quality in natural water bodies have been on the increase around the
V. Madzivhandila, E.M.N. Chirwa
doaj   +1 more source

Application of black-box models based on artificial intelligence for the prediction of chlorine and TTHMs in the trunk network of Bogotá, Colombia

Journal of Hydroinformatics, 2023
The chlorine and total trihalomethane (TTHM) concentrations are sparsely measured in the trunk network of Bogotá, Colombia, which leads to a high uncertainty level at an operational level.
Laura Enriquez, Laura González, Juan G. Saldarriaga   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Impact of Booster Chlorination on Chlorine Decay and THM Production: Simulated Analysis

Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2009
The effect of conventional and booster chlorination on chlorine residuals and trihalomethane (THM) formation in drinking water distribution systems was modeled using the EPANET hydraulic modeling software. The model results suggest that booster chlorination may allow utilities to meet disinfection goals better by carrying chlorine residuals to remote ...
Brian Carrico, Philip C. Singer
openaire   +2 more sources

Experimental appraisal and numerical modelling of chlorine demand and decay in a typical drinking water distribution network in South Africa

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Safe drinking water requires sound monitoring and maintenance of residual chlorine within drinking water distribution networks (DWDNs) to suppress possible microbial regrowth.
Donald Maphanga, Mapula Lucey Moropeng, Vhahangwele Masindi, Vhahangwele Akinwekomi, Spyros Foteinis   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Self-adaptive amorphous CoOxCly electrocatalyst for sustainable chlorine evolution in acidic brine

Nature Communications, 2023
Electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction is of central importance in the chlor-alkali industry, but the chlorine evolution anode is largely limited by water oxidation side reaction and corrosion-induced performance decay in strong acids.
Mengjun Xiao, Qianbao Wu, Ruiqi Ku, Liujiang Zhou, Chang Long, Junwu Liang, Andraž Mavrič, Lei Li, Jing Zhu, Matjaz Valant, Jiong Li, Zhenhua Zeng, Chunhua Cui   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Effectiveness of emergency water treatment practices in refugee camps in South Sudan

Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2015
Objective To investigate the concentration of residual chlorine in drinking water supplies in refugee camps, South Sudan, March-April 2013.Methods For each of three refugee camps, we measured physical and chemical characteristics of water supplies at ...
Syed Imran Ali, Syed Saad Ali, Jean-Francois Fesselet   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Mathematical Model for Variable Chlorine Decay Rates in Water Distribution Systems

Modelling and Simulation in Engineering, 2019
A model for relating the time-dependent variable rate of reaction to the decay of chlorine residual in water is developed based on the initial chlorine dose, molar concentrations of reactants, and the rate constant itself.
Ababu T. Tiruneh, Tesfamariam Y. Debessai, Gabriel C. Bwembya, Stanley J. Nkambule   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Decay process of free residual chlorine concentration affected by travel time in water distribution systems

Revista Ambiente & Água, 2022
Chlorination is the most widely used method for disinfecting water for human consumption. While the chlorinated water travels through a distribution system, the concentration of free residual chlorine (FRC) declines depending on the natural water ...
Luciano de Oliveira, Diana Rosa dos Reis, Nora Katia Saavedra del Aguila Hoffmann   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Membrane composition and thermodynamic identity as boundaries of life for synthetic cell research

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
What makes a cell a cell? The boundary of a living cell is not just a wall. Read as a Markov blanket, the membrane separates internal from external states, generating identity and non‐equilibrium order. Can this identity be rebuilt from scratch in a synthetic cell?
Caterina Presutti, Bert Poolman
wiley   +1 more source

Calibration of water quality model for distribution networks using genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and hybrid methods

MethodsX, 2019
Chlorine reacts with both organic and inorganic matters in water. That is why water quality modeling has received great attention in recent years. The serious issue in municipal water quality modeling is gathering the essential input parameters of the ...
Roya Peirovi Minaee, Mojtaba Afsharnia, Alireza Moghaddam, Ali Asghar Ebrahimi, Mohsen Askarishahi, Mehdi Mokhtari   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source