Results 241 to 250 of about 45,252 (298)

A Variable Rate Coefficient Chlorine Decay Model

Environmental Science & Technology, 2008
Chlorine is the most widely used water disinfectant in the world. As a result, optimal chlorine usage is essential for both human and environmental health. Chlorine decay models can be used to predict residual concentrations in water distribution networks and optimize chlorine dosing. However, the coefficients of current chlorine decay models are often
Jonkergouw, PM, Khu, ST, Savic, DA, Zhong, D, Hou, XQ, Zhao, HB   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Chlorine Decay Models and Influencing Factors

Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014
Microorganism control has a great significance for the safety of drinking water and reclaimed water. Disinfectants and its dosing quantity are particularly important. Several common chlorine disinfectants decay models were analyzed firstly in the paper.
Bo Liu, Ping Xu, Ya Jun Zhang, Tao Wang, Nai Te Su   +4 more
openaire   +1 more source

Chlorine Decay in Auckland's Distribution System

WRPMD'99, 1999
The first step in finding a cure for water quality deterioration in water distribution systems is to study how water quality varies within the distribution system and the causes and effects of this variation. This paper discusses a pilot study aimed at assessing the propagation and concentration of chlorine in a water distribution network and ...
Bassam Halabi, Angela Boothroyd, Naresh Singhal   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Chlorine decay and disinfection by-products transformation under booster chlorination conditions: A pilot-scale study

Science of The Total Environment, 2022
Booster chlorination was usually employed in water distribution systems with a long hydraulic retention time. The free chlorine decay and disinfection by-products (DBPs) transformation under booster chlorination conditions were investigated within a pilot-scale water distribution system (WDS). Compared with the initial chlorination in water plants, the
Pubin, Liao, Tuqiao, Zhang, Lei, Fang, Rongrong, Jiang, Guojian, Wu   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Simulation of Chlorine Decay in Drinking-Water Distribution Systems

Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2002
This work presents a model that evaluates the decay of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution networks. The model may use either Lagrangian based time driven or event driven methods depending on the hydraulic characteristic of the pipes. The decay of the chlorine within a pipe is evaluated by using a single equation that incorporates
Ucak, A, ÖZDEMİR, OSMAN NURİ
openaire   +2 more sources

MODELLING CHLORINE DECAY IN DRINKING WATER MAINS

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 2008
Drinking water treatment plays an important role in maintaining public health. Chlorine is the most often disinfectant used for microbiological protection of water. Required residual chlorine concentration must be in treated water when it leaves treatment plant, to comply with the regulations. The chlorine residual must be 0.5 mg/L at the entrance into
Diana Robescu, Nicolae Jivan, Dan Robescu   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Chlorine Decay KINETICS of a Reservoir Water

Journal AWWA, 2001
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority started adding sodium hypochlorite to its raw water (Wachusett Reservoir) in September 1997 to achieve compliance with the requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule for unfiltered surface water supplies, mainly the 3‐log C × T (concentration times time) value for Giardia inactivation.
Windsor Sung, Joan Levenson, Tara Toolan, D. Kelly O'Day   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

Factors which control bulk chlorine decay rates

Water Research, 2000
Abstract Several computer programs for modelling water distribution networks have been developed which incorporate a facility for modelling chlorine decay. Problems have been experienced with the calibration and durability of these models due to both temporal and spatial variability in the decay constants.
James C. Powell, Nicholas B. Hallam, John R. West, Christopher F. Forster, John Simms   +4 more
openaire   +1 more source

Modeling of Chlorine Disinfectant Decay in Seawater

Journal of the Korean Society of Water and Wastewater, 2016
Disinfectant/oxidation process is a crucial process in water treatment for supplying safe drinking water. Chlorination is still widely used for water treatment area due to its effectiveness on microbial inactivation and economic feasibility. Recently, disinfection concern in marine environment is increasing, for example, movement of hazardous marine ...
Jihee Han, Jinsik Sohn
openaire   +1 more source

Decay of chlorine in diluted municipal effluents

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1988
Laboratory studies were conducted to develop a model for the overall decay of total residual chlorine (TRC) under various conditions in the natural streams. This model assumes that a portion of the initial chlorine concentration is used to satisfy the immediate chlorine demand and the remainder is subject to gradual decay.The important parameters ...
Shaden T. Abdel-Gawad, Jatinder K. Bewtra   +1 more
openaire   +1 more source