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Modelling chlorine residual decay as influenced by temperature
Water and Environment Journal, 2015AbstractTemperature is one of the most important factors affecting chlorine decay rates in drinking water systems. In this article, temperature effect on chlorine decay rates in raw and treated waters was studied. Results show that temperature affects differently the fast and slow decay phases, the latter being more sensitive to temperature variations,
Laura Monteiro +2 more
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The decay of chlorine associated with the pipe wall in water distribution systems
Water Research, 2002Free chlorine decay rates in water distribution systems for bulk and wall demands should be modelled separately as they have different functional dependencies. Few good quality determinations of in situ wall demand have been made due to the difficulty of monitoring live systems and due to their complexity.
J R West, C F Förster
exaly +3 more sources
Journal AWWA, 1997
Models of chlorine kinetics in distribution systems characterize chlorine decay as a combination of first‐order decay in the bulk liquid and first‐order or zero‐order decay reactions at the pipe wall.Proper understanding, characterization, and prediction of water quality behavior in drinking water distribution systems are critical to ensure meeting ...
John J. Vasconcelos +4 more
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Models of chlorine kinetics in distribution systems characterize chlorine decay as a combination of first‐order decay in the bulk liquid and first‐order or zero‐order decay reactions at the pipe wall.Proper understanding, characterization, and prediction of water quality behavior in drinking water distribution systems are critical to ensure meeting ...
John J. Vasconcelos +4 more
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Simulation of Chlorine Decay in Drinking-Water Distribution Systems
Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2002This work presents a model that evaluates the decay of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution networks. The model may use either Lagrangian based time driven or event driven methods depending on the hydraulic characteristic of the pipes. The decay of the chlorine within a pipe is evaluated by using a single equation that incorporates
Ucak, A, ÖZDEMİR, OSMAN NURİ
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The decay of chlorine-36 to sulphur-36
Philosophical Magazine, 1962A study has been made of the decay branches of chlorine-36 which lead to sulphur-36.The ratio of L-capture to K-capture has been determined to be 0·112 ± 0·008, from measurements in a multi-wire proportional counter. Using scintillation techniques, a weak positron branch of intensity (7_(−1)^(+3)) × 10^(−4) relative to K-capture has been detected, and ...
Dougan, P. W. +2 more
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Chlorine Decay Models and Influencing Factors
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2014Microorganism control has a great significance for the safety of drinking water and reclaimed water. Disinfectants and its dosing quantity are particularly important. Several common chlorine disinfectants decay models were analyzed firstly in the paper.
Bo Liu +4 more
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Decay of chlorine in diluted municipal effluents
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1988Laboratory studies were conducted to develop a model for the overall decay of total residual chlorine (TRC) under various conditions in the natural streams. This model assumes that a portion of the initial chlorine concentration is used to satisfy the immediate chlorine demand and the remainder is subject to gradual decay.The important parameters ...
Shaden T. Abdel-Gawad +1 more
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Chlorine Decay in Auckland's Distribution System
WRPMD'99, 1999The first step in finding a cure for water quality deterioration in water distribution systems is to study how water quality varies within the distribution system and the causes and effects of this variation. This paper discusses a pilot study aimed at assessing the propagation and concentration of chlorine in a water distribution network and ...
Bassam Halabi +2 more
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Modeling of Chlorine Disinfectant Decay in Seawater
Journal of the Korean Society of Water and Wastewater, 2016Disinfectant/oxidation process is a crucial process in water treatment for supplying safe drinking water. Chlorination is still widely used for water treatment area due to its effectiveness on microbial inactivation and economic feasibility. Recently, disinfection concern in marine environment is increasing, for example, movement of hazardous marine ...
Jihee Han, Jinsik Sohn
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Chlorine Decay KINETICS of a Reservoir Water
Journal AWWA, 2001Massachusetts Water Resources Authority started adding sodium hypochlorite to its raw water (Wachusett Reservoir) in September 1997 to achieve compliance with the requirements of the Surface Water Treatment Rule for unfiltered surface water supplies, mainly the 3‐log C × T (concentration times time) value for Giardia inactivation.
Windsor Sung +3 more
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