Results 271 to 280 of about 796,408 (333)

Decay of chlorine in diluted municipal effluents

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1988
Laboratory studies were conducted to develop a model for the overall decay of total residual chlorine (TRC) under various conditions in the natural streams. This model assumes that a portion of the initial chlorine concentration is used to satisfy the immediate chlorine demand and the remainder is subject to gradual decay.The important parameters ...
Shaden T. Abdel-Gawad, Jatinder K. Bewtra   +1 more
openaire   +1 more source

Chlorine decay and trihalomethane formation following ferrate(VI) preoxidation and chlorination of drinking water

Chemosphere, 2017
This paper presents the effect of preoxidation with ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42-, Fe(VI)) prior to chlorination on chlorine decay and formation of disinfection by-products in filtered raw water from a full-scale drinking water treatment plant. The rate of chlorine decay became significantly faster as the concentration of ferrate(VI) increased.
Cong Li, Feng Luo, Feilong Dong, Jingguo Zhao, Tuqiao Zhang, Guilin He, Leslie Cizmas, Virender K. Sharma   +7 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Modeling and verifying chlorine decay and chloroacetic acid formation in drinking water chlorination

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China, 2009
This study presents a phenomenological model that can be used by the water professionals to quantify chlorine decay and disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation in water. The kinetic model was developed by introducing the concept of limiting chlorine demand and extending an established reactive species approach.
Wenjun Liu, Shaoying Qi
openaire   +1 more source

A model for chlorine concentration decay in pipes

Water Research, 1993
Abstract A model that accounts for transport in the axial direction by convection and in the radial direction by diffusion and that incorporates first order decay kinetics has been developed to predict the chlorine concentration in a pipe in a distribution system. A generalized expression for chlorine consumption at the pipe wall is used to solve the
Pratim Biswas, Chungsying Lu, Robert M. Clark   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Bulk Decay of Chlorine in Water Distribution Systems

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2003
Mathematical models of chlorine concentration in water distribution systems require the bulk decay coefficient to be quantified. The coefficient needs to be determined with respect to independent variables if models are to maintain their predictive capability as seasonal and water treatment operational changes occur.
Nicholas B. Hallam, Fang Hua, John R. West, Christopher F. Forster, John Simms   +4 more
openaire   +1 more source

The decay of chlorine-36 to sulphur-36

Philosophical Magazine, 1962
A study has been made of the decay branches of chlorine-36 which lead to sulphur-36.The ratio of L-capture to K-capture has been determined to be 0·112 ± 0·008, from measurements in a multi-wire proportional counter. Using scintillation techniques, a weak positron branch of intensity (7_(−1)^(+3)) × 10^(−4) relative to K-capture has been detected, and ...
Dougan, P. W., Ledingham, K. W. D., Drever, R. W. P.   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Wall decay of chlorine in water distribution system

Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology—AQUA, 2009
Chlorination is a widely practised method of disinfection in India. The chlorine consumption in a distribution pipe is due to bulk and wall reactions. The chlorine decay due to wall reactions is particularly significant in old distribution systems with unlined metallic pipes.
G. R. Munavalli, M. S. Mohan Kumar, M. A. Kulkarni   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Performance of Various Kinetic Models for Chlorine Decay

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2001
A number of computer packages have been developed for modeling chlorine decay in water distribution networks. However, there is uncertainty as to the kinetic model that they should use for the decay mechanism. This paper explores the performance of six different kinetic models for the decay of free chlorine in over 200 bulk water samples from a number ...
Geeta Arora, M. L. Kansal, Vijay K. Minocha, James C. Powell, John R. West, Nicholas B. Hallam, Christopher F. Forster, John Simms   +7 more
openaire   +1 more source

Effluent Total Residual Chlorine Decay in Outfall Pipe

Journal of Environmental Engineering, 1997
Field and bench tests were conducted to determine the decay property of effluent total residual chlorine (TRC) in an outfall pipe. The pipe conveys secondary treated effluent from the Broward County North Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant to the Atlantic Ocean off the east coast of South Florida.
Hening Huang, Robert E. Fergen, J. Philip Cooke, Gary S. Fox   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

Chlorine decay studies in water supply system.

Journal of environmental science & engineering, 2011
Water supplied to the public through municipal water works should be qualitatively good and quantitatively sufficient. It is important that the potability of water is maintained at the consumer end. The presence of residual chlorine is invariably considered as an indicator of water quality.
G R, Munavalli, M A, Kulkarni
openaire   +1 more source