Results 201 to 210 of about 6,723 (257)

Hidden Diradical: Conformational Switch for Solvatochromic NIR Emission With Unity Quantum Yield in Thiele's Hydrocarbon. [PDF]

open access: yesAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
Bevilacqua M   +11 more
europepmc   +1 more source

A model for chlorine concentration decay in pipes

Water Research, 1993
Abstract A model that accounts for transport in the axial direction by convection and in the radial direction by diffusion and that incorporates first order decay kinetics has been developed to predict the chlorine concentration in a pipe in a distribution system. A generalized expression for chlorine consumption at the pipe wall is used to solve the
Robert Clark   +2 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Modelling of chlorine decay in municipal water supplies

Water Research, 1999
Abstract This paper describes the effects which temperature and the initial chlorine concentration have on the chlorine decay in different water samples. It also reports the derivation of empirical formulae which describe these effects. The data show that chlorine decays more rapidly in fresh samples than in those which had been re-chlorinated with ...
C F Förster, J R West
exaly   +2 more sources

The effect of advanced treatment on chlorine decay in metallic pipes

Water Research, 2006
Experiments were run to measure what effect advanced treatment might have on the kinetics of chlorine and chloramine decay in metallic pipes that comprise many drinking water distribution systems. A recirculating loop of 6-in diameter unlined ductile iron pipe was used to simulate turbulent flow conditions in a pipe with significant corrosion and ...
exaly   +3 more sources

Quantifying chlorine-reactive substances to establish a chlorine decay model of reclaimed water using chemical chlorine demands

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019
Abstract In order to guarantee the water quality of reclaimed water in pipeline system, a chlorine bulk-decay model is required for simulation and prediction of chlorine profiles in networks. Conventional chlorine decay models of drinking water are not applicable to reclaimed water due to its complex and varying water quality.
Zhuo Chen, Ye Du, Hong-Ying Hu
exaly   +2 more sources

Modelling chlorine residual decay as influenced by temperature

Water and Environment Journal, 2015
AbstractTemperature is one of the most important factors affecting chlorine decay rates in drinking water systems. In this article, temperature effect on chlorine decay rates in raw and treated waters was studied. Results show that temperature affects differently the fast and slow decay phases, the latter being more sensitive to temperature variations,
Monteiro L   +2 more
exaly   +2 more sources

The decay of chlorine associated with the pipe wall in water distribution systems

Water Research, 2002
Free chlorine decay rates in water distribution systems for bulk and wall demands should be modelled separately as they have different functional dependencies. Few good quality determinations of in situ wall demand have been made due to the difficulty of monitoring live systems and due to their complexity.
J R West, C F Förster, J R West
exaly   +3 more sources

Bulk Decay of Chlorine in Water Distribution Systems

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management - ASCE, 2003
Mathematical models of chlorine concentration in water distribution systems require the bulk decay coefficient to be quantified. The coefficient needs to be determined with respect to independent variables if models are to maintain their predictive capability as seasonal and water treatment operational changes occur.
Nicholas B. Hallam   +4 more
exaly   +2 more sources

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