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Modeling Chlorine Decay in Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems—A Lisbon Area Case Study
Sustainability, 2023 Climate change has emerged as a global challenge, with consequences for the environment and societies. To mitigate its impacts, reclaimed water (RW) offers potential by reducing water withdrawal and minimizing pollution discharges in the environment ...
Joana Costa +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Water supply : the review journal of the International Water Supply Association, 2023 In this study, a pilot-scale pipeline reactor and refined total chloramine decay model were employed to study the effects of the highly corrosive pipe wall and three kinds of disinfectant constituents on the chlorine decay behavior.
semanticscholar +1 more source
Chemosphere, 2023 This study applied a method for estimating chlorine decay constant (k) in urban water distribution systems using fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (FEEM-PARAFAC), considering that it accounts for the influence ...
Juwon Lee +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Modeling chlorine distribution in water supply system utilizing empirically determined chlorine decay rate [PDF]
E3S Web of Conferences, 2019 Analysis of free chlorine propagation in water supply network has a significant meaning for the process of water distribution. Results of numerical studies allow the proper selection of disinfectant or suitable monitoring of pipelines endangered by ...
Musz-Pomorska Anna +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Validation of Chlorine Decay Equation for Water Quality Analysis in Distribution Networks
Engineering Proceedings, 2023 This article discusses the extent of the spread of contamination in water distribution networks which may enter through a pipe leak, and the decay rate of chlorine for a specified design duration. A comprehensive water quality analysis is performed using
Rehan Jamil +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Chlorine Decay Simulation in Water Distribution System Using EPANET
International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2021 Chlorine is used as a disinfectant in the water treatment process so that treated water is delivered safely to consumers. However, chlorine concentration decays when water flows from the treatment plant to the supply point, due to the reaction with ...
N. Muhammad, S. Shin, J. Abdullah
semanticscholar +1 more source
Identification and Modelling of Chlorine Decay Mechanisms in Reclaimed Water Containing Ammonia
Sustainability, 2021 Keeping an effective disinfectant residual concentration in reclaimed water is still a challenge, due to its high levels of ammonia and organic matter when compared with those in drinking water.
Joana Costa +4 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Environment International, 2020 The ubiquitous presence of biofilms in premise plumbing and stagnation, which commonly occurs in premise plumbing, can exacerbate the decay of chlorine residual in drinking water.
Conghui Huang +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Sustainable Environment Research, 2021 Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease there is a need for public water supply of the highest quality. Adequate levels of chlorine allow immediate elimination of harmful bacteria and viruses and provide a protective residual throughout the ...
Fernando García-Ávila +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Chlorine Concentration Modelling and Supervision in Water Distribution Systems
Sensors, 2022 The quality of the drinking water distributed through the networks has become the main concern of most operators. This work focuses on one of the most important variables of the drinking water distribution networks (WDN) that use disinfection, chlorine ...
Ramon Pérez +7 more
doaj +1 more source