Results 31 to 40 of about 129,882 (243)

The role of histone modifications in transcription regulation upon DNA damage

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
This review discusses the critical role of histone modifications in regulating gene expression during the DNA damage response (DDR). By modulating chromatin structure and recruiting repair factors, these post‐translational modifications fine‐tune transcriptional programmes to maintain genomic stability.
Angelina Job Kolady, Siyao Wang
wiley   +1 more source

Inter-chromosomal contact networks provide insights into Mammalian chromatin organization. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2015
The recent advent of conformation capture techniques has provided unprecedented insights into the spatial organization of chromatin. We present a large-scale investigation of the inter-chromosomal segment and gene contact networks in embryonic stem cells
Stefanie Kaufmann, Christiane Fuchs, Mariya Gonik, Ekaterina E Khrameeva, Andrey A Mironov, Dmitrij Frishman   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Human Y-chromosome variation and male dysfunction [PDF]

Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, 2005
The Y-chromosome is responsible for sex determination in mammals, which is triggered by the expression of the SRY gene, a testis-determining factor. This particular gene, as well as other genes related to male fertility, are located in the non-recombining portion of the Y (NRY), a specific region that encompasses 95% of the human Y-chromosome.
Cláudia Márcia Benedetto, de Carvalho, Fabrício Rodrigues, Santos   +1 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The newfound relationship between extrachromosomal DNAs and excised signal circles

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Extrachromosomal DNAs (ecDNAs) contribute to the progression of many human cancers. In addition, circular DNA by‐products of V(D)J recombination, excised signal circles (ESCs), have roles in cancer progression but have largely been overlooked. In this Review, we explore the roles of ecDNAs and ESCs in cancer development, and highlight why these ...
Dylan Casey, Zeqian Gao, Joan Boyes
wiley   +1 more source

The human Y and inactive X chromosomes similarly modulate autosomal gene expression

Cell Genomics
Summary: Somatic cells of human males and females have 45 chromosomes in common, including the “active” X chromosome. In males the 46th chromosome is a Y; in females it is an “inactive” X (Xi).
Adrianna K. San Roman, Helen Skaletsky, Alexander K. Godfrey, Neha V. Bokil, Levi Teitz, Isani Singh, Laura V. Blanton, Daniel W. Bellott, Tatyana Pyntikova, Julian Lange, Natalia Koutseva, Jennifer F. Hughes, Laura Brown, Sidaly Phou, Ashley Buscetta, Paul Kruszka, Nicole Banks, Amalia Dutra, Evgenia Pak, Patricia C. Lasutschinkow, Colleen Keen, Shanlee M. Davis, Angela E. Lin, Nicole R. Tartaglia, Carole Samango-Sprouse, Maximilian Muenke, David C. Page   +26 more
doaj   +1 more source

New insights into mammalian sex chromosome structure and evolution using high-quality sequences from bovine X and Y chromosomes

BMC Genomics, 2019
Background Mammalian X chromosomes are mainly euchromatic with a similar size and structure among species whereas Y chromosomes are smaller, have undergone substantial evolutionary changes and accumulated male specific genes and genes involved in sex ...
Ruijie Liu, Wai Yee Low, Rick Tearle, Sergey Koren, Jay Ghurye, Arang Rhie, Adam M. Phillippy, Benjamin D. Rosen, Derek M. Bickhart, Timothy P. L. Smith, Stefan Hiendleder, John L. Williams   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sperm chromosomal abnormalities in infertile men with failed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

Middle East Fertility Society Journal, 2023
Background Male infertility is a major health problem with multi-factorial etiology. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has revolutionized the treatment of men with severely compromised semen parameters and improved their chances of achieving ...
Rania Fathy Elnahas, Amal Kotb Behery, Soha Kholeif, Yasser Ibrahim Orief, Ghada Mohamed Elhady   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

In situ molecular organization and heterogeneity of the Legionella Dot/Icm T4SS

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
We present a nearly complete in situ model of the Legionella Dot/Icm type IV secretion system, revealing its central secretion channel and identifying new components. Using cryo‐electron tomography with AI‐based modeling, our work highlights the structure, variability, and mechanism of this complex nanomachine, advancing understanding of bacterial ...
Przemysław Dutka, Yuxi Liu, Stefano Maggi, Debnath Ghosal, Jue Wang, Prashant P. Damke, Stephen D. Carter, Wei Zhao, Sukhithasri Vijayrajratnam, Joseph P. Vogel, Carrie L. Shaffer, Grant J. Jensen   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Resolving the source of branch length variation in the Y chromosome phylogeny

Genome Biology
Background Genetic variation in the non-recombining part of the human Y chromosome has provided important insight into the paternal history of human populations.
Yaniv Swiel, Janet Kelso, Stéphane Peyrégne   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Recombination hotspots in an extended human pseudoautosomal domain predicted from double-strand break maps and characterized by sperm-based crossover analysis. [PDF]

PLoS Genetics, 2018
The human X and Y chromosomes are heteromorphic but share a region of homology at the tips of their short arms, pseudoautosomal region 1 (PAR1), that supports obligate crossover in male meiosis.
Nitikorn Poriswanish, Rita Neumann, Jon H Wetton, John Wagstaff, Maarten H D Larmuseau, Mark A Jobling, Celia A May   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source