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Biotechnology and Bioengineering, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Synthetic biology has recently proven to be a valuable tool for enhancing agriculture even in the face of environmental and biological stresses. Understanding the challenges that militate synthetic biology will assist in ensuring safe, stable, and scalable crop production.
Ben Jesuorsemwen Enagbonma +6 more
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Financing Firms in Hibernation during the COVID-19 Pandemic
, 2020 Didier T +3 more
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Churning power losses of a gearbox with spiral bevel geared transmission
Tribology International, 2019Abstract To predict the churning power losses in a gearbox with spiral bevel geared transmission, based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, a numerical simulation model for the splash lubrication of the intermediate gearbox of a helicopter including gear box housing, a spiral bevel gear pair and an oil guide device is established and ...
Xiaozhou Hu, Yu Dai
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An experimental investigation of windage and oil churning power losses of gears and discs
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2022This study presents comparable sets of churning and windage power loss measurements of a gear. Measurements are performed under windage (air only) and churning (immersion in oil up to a certain level) to quantify load-independent power losses of a family of spur and helical gears along with representative discs. Aiming at quantifying the impact of gear
M Handschuh, A Guner, A Kahraman
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Development of an analytical model to estimate the churning power losses of a spiral bevel gear
Tribology International, 2020Abstract A quasi-analytical model based on fluid mechanics is established to estimate the no-load power losses of a spiral bevel gear with splash lubrication. The no-load losses are defined as the sum of churning power loses and windage power losses.
Xiang Zhu
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Churning power loss of the intermediate gearbox in a helicopter under splash lubrication
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2021Based on computational fluid dynamics, a two-phase flow model was established to calculate the churning power loss of the spiral bevel gears under splash lubrication. The error between the simulation results and experiment results is only 7.04%. Taking a certain helicopter as an example, the churning power loss of the intermediate gearbox is ∼2.6051 kW,
Fengxia Lu +4 more
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Numerical Simulation of the Churning Power Losses in the Automotive Hypoid Gear Reducer
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 2018 Improving vehicle transmission efficiency and reducing vehicle fuel consumption is currently one of the main objectives in the automotive field. Reducing gear churning power losses has significant influence on the decreasing vehicle fuel consumption. Based on the two phase flow theory, a 2D two-phase model of the simplified hypoid gear is established ...
Lin Zou +4 more
exaly +3 more sources
Oil Churning Power Losses of a Gear Pair: Experiments and Model Validation
Journal of Tribology, 2009This paper presents the results of an experimental study on load-independent (spin) power losses of spur gear pairs operating under dip-lubricated conditions. The experiments were performed over a wide range of operating speed, temperature, oil levels, and key gear design parameters to quantify their influence on spin power losses.
A Kahraman, Kahraman A
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Tribology International, 2013
Abstract In this study gear oils were tested for power loss behaviour in a two stage multiplying gearbox, on a back-to-back test rig with recirculating power. The tests were performed at low input speeds and high input torques with oil sump temperature set free. A power loss model simulating the power loss mechanisms was implemented to evaluate gear
R Martins +2 more
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Abstract In this study gear oils were tested for power loss behaviour in a two stage multiplying gearbox, on a back-to-back test rig with recirculating power. The tests were performed at low input speeds and high input torques with oil sump temperature set free. A power loss model simulating the power loss mechanisms was implemented to evaluate gear
R Martins +2 more
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Determination of oil distribution and churning power loss of gearboxes by finite volume CFD method
Tribology International, 2017Abstract Sufficient oil supply of all machine elements in gearboxes is usually required to avoid damage and to reduce friction during operation. However, dip lubrication and injection lubrication always result in hydraulic gear power losses. Especially in high-speed and dip-lubricated gearboxes with high oil levels, churning losses can represent a ...
Hua Liu, Karsten Stahl, Thomas Lohner
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