Results 51 to 60 of about 23,476 (241)

Two recent theoretical advances with potential impact on quantum technology

APL Quantum
Research aimed at elucidating the foundations of quantum theory can have a direct impact on quantum technology. Two examples illustrate this potential: (1) the coupling of quantum systems to arbitrary classical environments that can be described by ...
Hans Christian Öttinger
doaj   +1 more source

Macroscopic Entropy of Non-Equilibrium Systems and Postulates of Extended Thermodynamics: Application to Transport Phenomena and Chemical Reactions in Nanoparticles

Entropy, 2018
In this work, we consider extended irreversible thermodynamics in assuming that the entropy density is a function of both common thermodynamic variables and their higher-order time derivatives.
Sergey I. Serdyukov
doaj   +1 more source

Suppression of Photo‐Mediated Traps in Integrated Organic Photovoltaic–Photodetector Devices via N‐Type Self‐Assembly‐Driven Interfacial Engineering

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Conventional unstable electron transport layers (ETLs) limit self‐powered organic sensors. This work resolves this by developing a n‐type self‐assembled monolayer (SAM), “3‐PAPh”. This SAM forms a chemically stable and structurally ordered interface that fundamentally suppresses defect formation.
Ohhyun Kwon, Jae Hoon Son, Tae Hyuk Kim, Gyeong Min Lee, Seunghyun Oh, Gayoung Ham, Min Jong Lee, Sang Heon Lee, Seon Joong Kim, Hyojung Cha, Han Young Woo, Jae Won Shim   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Entropy Density Acceleration and Minimum Dissipation Principle: Correlation with Heat and Matter Transfer in Glucose Catabolism

Entropy, 2018
The heat and matter transfer during glucose catabolism in living systems and their relation with entropy production are a challenging subject of the classical thermodynamics applied to biology.
Roberto Zivieri, Nicola Pacini
doaj   +1 more source

Bio‐Inspired Molecular Events in Poly(Ionic Liquids)

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Originating from dipolar and polar inter‐ and intra‐chain interactions of the building blocks, the topologies and morphologies of poly(ionic liquids) (PIL) govern their nano‐ and micro‐processibility. Modulating the interactions of cation‐anion pairs with aliphatic dipolar components enables the tunability of properties, facilitated by “bottom‐up ...
Jiahui Liu, Marek W. Urban
wiley   +1 more source

Frontier Advances of Emerging High‐Entropy Anodes in Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Recent advances in microscopic morphology control of high‐entropy anode materials for alkali metal‐ion batteries. Abstract With the growing demand for sustainable energy, portable energy storage systems have become increasingly critical. Among them, the development of rechargeable batteries is primarily driven by breakthroughs in electrode materials ...
Liang Du, Kaidi Zhang, Liang Wang, Di Zhao, Mengqing Hu, Mingli Li, Ming Zhou, Zhenzhen Wu, Mengyang Dong, Bo Fu, Porun Liu, Yun Wang, Hongxia Wang, Yuantong Gu, Lei Zhang   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Force-current structure in Markovian open quantum systems and its applications: Geometric housekeeping-excess decomposition and thermodynamic trade-off relations

Physical Review Research
Thermodynamic force and irreversible current are the foundational concepts of classical nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Entropy production rate is provided by their product in classical systems, ranging from mesoscopic to macroscopic systems.
Kohei Yoshimura, Yoh Maekawa, Ryuna Nagayama, Sosuke Ito   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Characterization of Conserved Quantities in Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

Entropy, 2013
The well-known Noether theorem in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics associates symmetries in the evolution equations of a mechanical system with conserved quantities.
Ignacio Romero
doaj   +1 more source

From Clinic to Computation: Multiscale Bioengineering Strategies for Durable Biological Aortic Valve Replacements

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Bioprosthetic aortic valves have revolutionized the treatment of aortic stenosis, but their durability is limited by structural valve deterioration (SVD). This review focuses on the pericardial tissue at the heart of these valves, examining how its mechanical properties and calcification drive fatigue and failure.
Gabriele Greco, Pierfrancesco Gaziano, Serena Anglese, Simone Morganti, Carlo de Vincentiis, Ferdinando Auricchio, Michele Marino, Michele Conti   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Derivation of a Microscopic Entropy and Time Irreversibility From the Discreteness of Time

Entropy, 2014
The basic microsopic physical laws are time reversible. In contrast, the second law of thermodynamics, which is a macroscopic physical representation of the world, is able to describe irreversible processes in an isolated system through the change of ...
Roland Riek
doaj   +1 more source