Results 251 to 260 of about 3,136,035 (304)

Coral records exaggerate past decadal tropical climate variability

Dolman A, McPartland M, Felis T, Laepple T.   +3 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Climate variability and vulnerability to climate change: a review [PDF]

Global Change Biology, 2014
AbstractThe focus of the great majority of climate change impact studies is on changes in mean climate. In terms of climate model output, these changes are more robust than changes in climate variability. By concentrating on changes in climate means, the full impacts of climate change on biological and human systems are probably being seriously ...
Philip K. Thornton, Polly J Ericksen, Mario Herrero   +2 more
exaly   +6 more sources

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Climate and climate variability

2010
In the following we describe some basic concepts that are fundamental for understanding (marine) climate and climate variability. We begin with a brief historical review on earlier and more modern concepts of climate and subsequently define marine weather and marine climate as used throughout the remainder of this book (Section 1.2).
Ralf Weisse, Hans von Storch
openaire   +1 more source

Solar variability and climate

Weather, 2000
Solar radiation is the fundamental energy source for the atmosphere and the global average equilibrium temperature of the Earth is determined by a balance between the energy acquired by the solar radiation absorbed and the energy lost to space by the emission of heat radiation. The interaction of this radiation with the climate system is complex but it
openaire   +1 more source

Natural Climate Variability and Concepts of Natural Climate Variability

1999
Concepts of climate variability are formulated based on two frequently used definitions. One considers climate variability as the evolution of the mean climate conditions over time, the other considers second moments or frequencydecomposed covariances (i.e.
openaire   +2 more sources

SOLAR VARIABILITY AND CLIMATE – A Summary

Space Science Reviews, 2000
During the last decades our understanding of the space environment of the Earth has increased dramatically. This is primarily due to access to observations made outside our limiting atmosphere. The research that has been stimulated by these completely new data has had a great impact in many scientific fields, including astrophysics, planetary physics ...
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Variability of the Earth’s Climate

2012
The geothermal gradient delivers about 61.5 mW/m2 from the interior of the Earth to the surface. Since the surface area of the Earth¼5.1_108 km2, the rate at which energy is released from the interior of the Earth is 3.1_1010 kW. The solar power that impinges on the Earth is 342W/m2.
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Climate Variability and International Trade

2023
This paper quantifies the impact of hurricanes on seaborne international trade to the United States. Using geocoded hurricane data mapped to satellite tracking data for commercial ships, we identify hurricane intersections on sea-trade routes between U.S. and foreign ports.
Dunbar, Geoffrey, Steingress, Walter, Tomlin, Ben   +2 more
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Climate Variability and Climate Change

2005
Climate change and climate variability has received considerable attention from the scientific community in recent decades and has led to a better understanding ofv arious climate phenomena and driving mechanisms. This increased understanding of climate has also prompted policy makers to ask two important questions: (1) How can an improved ...
Piechota, Thomas C., Garbrecht, J. D., Schneider, J. M.   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source