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Climate and climate change [PDF]
Current Biology, 2009 The Earth's climate system at fine spatial and temporal scales is chaotic, with evolving weather patterns often notoriously difficult to predict very far in advance. At regional scales, surface conditions are modulated by seasonal to decadal oscillations in surface temperature, precipitation, sea-ice extent, and ocean upwelling.
Andy Ridgwell, Paul J. Valdes
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Urban Climates and Climate Change [PDF]
Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 2020 Cities are particularly vulnerable to extreme weather episodes, which are expected to increase with climate change. Cities also influence their own local climate, for example, through the relative warming known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect. This review discusses urban climate features (even in complex terrain) and processes.
Masson, Valéry +3 more
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Discounting for Climate Change [PDF]
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009 Abstract It is well-known that the discount rate is crucially important for estimating the social cost of carbon, a standard indicator for the seriousness of climate change and desirable level of climate policy. The Ramsey equation for the discount rate has three components: the pure rate of time preference, a measure of relative risk ...
Anthoff, David +2 more
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Learning and climate change [PDF]
Climate Policy, 2006 Learning – i.e., the acquisition of new information that leads to changes in our assessment of uncertainty – plays a prominent role in the international climate policy debate. For example, the view that we should postpone actions until we know more continues to be influential.
Michael Oppenheimer +18 more
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Changing the intellectual climate [PDF]
Nature Climate Change, 2014 Calls for more broad-based, integrated, useful knowledge now abound in the world of global environmental change science. They evidence many scientists' desire to help humanity confront the momentous biophysical implications of its own actions. But they also reveal a limited conception of social science and virtually ignore the humanities.
Paige West +23 more
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Adapting to climate change: an evolving research programme [PDF]
, 2010 Since its launch in 1977, the scientific issues addressed by papers published in Climatic Change have changed considerably. Nuclear winter came and went, and papers have come from an increasingly diverse range of disciplines. Most obvious, of course, has
Arnell, Nigel William
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Palynology, vegetation and climate of the Waikato lowlands, North Island, New Zealand, since c. 18,000 years ago [PDF]
, 1989 The vegetational and climatic history of the Waikato lowlands during the last c. 18,000 years is inferred from the palynology of sediment cores from Lakes Rotomanuka, Rotokauri, and Okoroire.
Green, John D. +2 more
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Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2007 The year 2000 saw 150 000 people die as a result of climate change. This is a conservative World Health Organization estimate of excess mortality resulting from the relatively mild 0.8°C global warming experienced over the past century. As the average global temperature continues to climb by a projected 1.4°C–5.8°C over the next century, the annual ...
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Climate and plant community diversity in space and time. [PDF]
, 2020 Climate strongly shapes plant diversity over large spatial scales, with relatively warm and wet (benign, productive) regions supporting greater numbers of species.
Harrison, Susan +2 more
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The global carbon cycle and its changes over glacial–interglacial cycles [PDF]
, 2002 Carbon is an essential element for life, food and energy. It is also a key component of greenhouse gases and, thus, plays an important role in past and present climatic ...
Faure, Hugues +2 more
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