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Population of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Liquid High‐Silicon Electrical Steel in Contact With MgO–C Refractories Based on Recyclates and Environmentally Friendly Binders

open access: yesAdvanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
The formation of nonmetallic inclusions (NMIs) was investigated in this study, carrying out immersion tests for 30 min at a temperature of 1600°C with liquid high‐silicon electrical steel (Si ≈ 3 mass‐%) and different MgO–C refractories. Conventional MgO–C refractories were considered, as well as MgO–C refractories containing MgO–C recyclate and ...
Lukas Neubert   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Japan’s Foreign Aid Sanctions Policy after the End of Cold War [PDF]

open access: yes
During the Cold War, Japan seldom showed an interest in the political conditions in aid recipients. However, after the Cold War, Japan has been actively imposing negative aid sanctions (the suspension or a decrease in foreign aid) on recipient countries ...
Furuoka, Fumitaka, Nikitina, Larisa
core   +1 more source

Al–Cu Composite Casting of Laser‐Deoxidized Copper: Bonding, Interfacial Chemistry, and Thermal Conductivity

open access: yesAdvanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
This study investigates laser‐based oxide removal of Cu inserts in oxygen‐free conditions and examines long‐term oxidation kinetics and surface chemistry under different atmospheres via X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Al–Cu compound casting with differently oxidized surfaces is performed, and intermetallic phase formation, morphology, and thermal ...
Timon Steinhoff   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF RESEARCH [PDF]

open access: yes
For almost half a century World War II and the Cold War provided the political and fiscal context for public investment in science and technology.
Ruttan, Vernon W.
core   +1 more source

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