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Toward LLM-aware software effort estimation: a conceptual framework. [PDF]

open access: yesFront Artif Intell
Alaswad F, Poovammal E, Aljaddouh B.
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Evaluation of IT costs in construction

Automation in Construction, 2001
Information Technology (IT) evaluation is a research area that has received limited attention in the construction and engineering literature. Yet, the justification of investments in IT is one of the many challenges facing managers in the construction industry today, as there is an ever-increasing demand for organisations to improve the efficiency and ...
Peter E.D Love, Zahir Irani
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Cost of Delays in Construction

Journal of the Construction Division, 1978
The results of a survey designed to determine the percentage of construction cost spent for delays due to governmental regulations is presented. In addition, the corresponding average time delay is tabulated. Questionnaires were sent to all consultants appearing on The ENR 500 Consultants Compilation and to those organizations listed in The Ohio ...
Enno Koehn   +3 more
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Construction Payment/Cost

2017
Price and payment are important provisions in every construction contract. Contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers all require a certain amount of cash to finance their ongoing operations. For this reason, payment terms usually are spelled out in great detail in construction contracts.
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Cost estimating for construction

2020
This chapter continues the important subject of project cost estimating, with particular reference to construction projects. Capital construction projects, especially those in the public sector, often run late and exceed their original budgets by eye-watering amounts of money. A government minister introduces a report to parliament in connection with a
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Variations in Construction Costs

Journal AWWA, 1955
while wage rates and material prices went up. Engineers, who for years have had trouble keeping their estimates high enough to stay abreast of rising costs, were suddenly faced with construction bids far below expectation. On six recent projects, the low bids ranged from 73 to 90 per cent of the estimates and averaged 78 per cent.
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Construction Cost of Expressways

Transportation Engineering Journal of ASCE, 1971
A method of estimating highway construction costs in the tri-state region of New York-New Jersey-Connecticut indicates the influence of the wide range of development densities throughout this area. The explanation of this method includes its derivation from two earlier methods, and presents comparative cost results of all three methods in terms of the ...
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