Results 11 to 20 of about 707,455 (124)
Cost, Effectiveness, and Cost-Effectiveness [PDF]
Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 2009 Pluck the goose so as to obtain the most feathers with the least hissing . — —Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Minister of Finance to King Louis XIV of France Incremental or marginal cost-effectiveness ratios are founded on a number of assumptions that weaken their suitability as a way to balance competing economic and clinical priorities. We therefore propose
Sanjay Kaul, George A. Diamond
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The effectiveness of cost-effectiveness analysis in containing costs [PDF]
Journal of General Internal Medicine, 1998 Although cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) have been advocated as a tool to critically appraise the value of health expenditures, it has been widely hoped that they might also help contain health care costs. To determine how often they discourage additional expenditures, we reviewed the conclusions of recently published CEAs.A search of the Abridged ...
N A Azimi, H G Welch
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Effectiveness of cost-effectiveness [PDF]
British Journal of Psychiatry, 2012 In their economic modelling, Barret & Byford[1][1] postulate that the intervention group will have a reoffending rate of 3% v . 5% in the non-intervention group, but give no evidence of this being the correct figure or even the justification for this being a reasonable estimate.
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The probability of cost-effectiveness [PDF]
BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2002 The study of cost-effectiveness comparisons between competing medical interventions has led to a variety of proposals for quantifying cost-effectiveness. The differences between the various approaches can be subtle, and one purpose of this article is to clarify some important distinctions.We discuss alternative measures in the framework of individual ...
John Stevens, Anthony O'Hagan
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Understanding cost-effectiveness [PDF]
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2010 Healthcare delivery in the USA and abroad has changed dramatically over the last several decades. Along with the growth in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, the costs of healthcare have escalated out of proportion relative to other aspects of the economy.
Marya D. Zilberberg +2 more
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Promoting cost effective prescribing [PDF]
BMJ, 1995 EDITOR,--Nick Freemantle and colleagues criticise the NHS for lagging behind Australia and Canada in promoting cost effective prescribing.1 As members of the working group that agreed the British guidance on conducting economic evaluations2 we take issue with their claim that these countries have a preferable approach.
Adrian Towse, Nicholas Wells
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Cost-Effective Prescribing [PDF]
AMA Journal of Ethics, 2002 Singh et al ’s[1][1] discussion of cost-effective prescribing is timely. Small changes in prescription writing habits can produce significant savings without noticeable change in clinical practice.
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Costs, effects and cost‐effectiveness of breast cancer control in Ghana [PDF]
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2012 AbstractObjective Breast cancer control in Ghana is characterised by low awareness, late‐stage treatment and poor survival. In settings with severely constrained health resources, there is a need to spend money wisely. To achieve this and to guide policy makers in their selection of interventions, this study systematically compares costs and effects ...
Laurens M. Niëns +9 more
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Cost-effectiveness of algorithms [PDF]
Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science, 2015 Discrete Algorithms In this paper we discuss how to assess the performance of algorithms for optimisation problems in a way that balances solution quality and time. We propose measures of cost-effectiveness for such algorithms. These measures give the gain in solution quality per time unit over a sequence of inputs, and give a basis for ...
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AutoCost: Evolving Intrinsic Cost for Zero-violation Reinforcement Learning [PDF]
AAAI 2023, 2023 Safety is a critical hurdle that limits the application of deep reinforcement learning (RL) to real-world control tasks. To this end, constrained reinforcement learning leverages cost functions to improve safety in constrained Markov decision processes. However, such constrained RL methods fail to achieve zero violation even when the cost limit is zero.
arxiv