Results 81 to 90 of about 279,449 (267)

COVARIANT QUANTIZATION OF THE SUPERSTRING [PDF]

International Journal of Modern Physics A, 2001
After reviewing the Green-Schwarz superstring using the approach of Siegel, the superstring is covariantly quantized by constructing a BRST operator from the fermionic constraints and a bosonic pure spinor ghost variable. Physical massless vertex operators are constructed and, for the first time, N-point tree amplitudes are computed in a manifestly ...
openaire   +5 more sources

Beyond Presumptions: Toward Mechanistic Clarity in Metal‐Free Carbon Catalysts for Electrochemical H2O2 Production via Data Science

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
Metal‐free carbon catalysts enable the sustainable synthesis of hydrogen peroxide via two‐electron oxygen reduction; however, active site complexity continues to hinder reliable interpretation. This review critiques correlation‐based approaches and highlights the importance of orthogonal experimental designs, standardized catalyst passports ...
Dayu Zhu, Hsi‐wen Wu, Xiao Wang, Jie Zhang   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Using routine hydrographic sections for estimating the parameters needed for Optimal Statistical Interpolation. Application to the northern Alboran Sea

Scientia Marina, 2005
Optimal Statistical Interpolation is widely applied in the analysis of oceanographic data. This technique requires knowing some statistics of the analysed fields such as the covariance function and the noise to signal ratio.
Manuel Vargas-Yáñez, Florian Garivier, Olivier Pirra, M. García-Martínez   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Microscopic Insights into Magnetic Warping and Time‐Reversal Symmetry Breaking in Topological Surface States of Rare‐Earth‐Doped Bi2Te3

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
Magnetic doping of the topological insulator Bi2Te3 with erbium adatoms induces out‐of‐plane magnetism and breaks time‐reversal symmetry, opening a Dirac gap and driving a Fermi surface transition from hexagonal to star‐of‐David geometry. Microscopy, spectroscopy, and magnetic dichroism reveal atomically controlled magnetic interactions that tailor the
Beatriz Muñiz Cano, Fabián Calleja, Ji Dai, Massimo Tallarida, Vera Marinova, Alessandro Barla, Marc G. Cuxart, Pierluigi Gargiani, Gonzalo N. Molina, José Angel Silva‐Guillén, Adriana I. Figueroa, Kevin García‐Díez, Sergio O. Valenzuela, Aitor Mugarza, Amadeo L. Vázquez de Parga, Rodolfo Miranda, Francisco Guinea, Manuela Garnica, Miguel A. Valbuena   +18 more
wiley   +1 more source

Large‐Scale Determination of Frontier Orbital Energies of Disordered Small‐Molecule Organic Semiconductors Using Exciplex Emission Spectra

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Accurately knowing the frontier orbital energies of the structurally disordered small‐molecule organic semiconductors that are used in optoelectronic devices such as organic light‐emitting diodes is required to rationally improve their performance. Here, we show that these energies can be deduced with a large accuracy from the peak energies of
Christian B. McDonald, Hiroki Tomita, Giacomo Cotelli, Louka L. Brüll, Nanno G. de Rooij, Lucas R.L. Norg, Milo Clément, Reinder Coehoorn   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Mean and the Variance as Dual Concepts in a Fundamental Duality

Axioms
A basic duality arises throughout the mathematical and natural sciences. Traditionally, logic is thought to be based on the Boolean logic of subsets, but the development of category theory in the mid-twentieth century shows the duality between subsets ...
David Ellerman
doaj   +1 more source

On the Moments and the Distribution of Aggregate Discounted Claims in a Markovian Environment

Risks, 2018
This paper studies the moments and the distribution of the aggregate discounted claims (ADCs) in a Markovian environment, where the claim arrivals, claim amounts, and forces of interest (for discounting) are influenced by an underlying Markov process ...
Shuanming Li, Yi Lu
doaj   +1 more source

Electrically Coded Retinomorphic Spectrophotodetector

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
Self‐powered retinomorphic pyro‐photodetector is demonstrated that avoids machine‐learning post‐processing and covers 365–940 nm. Electrostatic balancing of built‐in potential produces an electrical wavelength code, delivering <3 nm wavelength decoding accuracy with ∼46 µs response.
Mohit Kumar, Hyunmin Dang, Hyungtak Seo
wiley   +1 more source

Forecasting Wind Speed Using Climate Variables

Forecasting
Wind energy in Brazil has been steadily growing, influenced significantly by climate change. To enhance wind energy generation, it is essential to incorporate external climatic variables into wind speed modeling to reduce uncertainties.
Rafael Araujo Couto, Paula Medina Maçaira Louro, Fernando Luiz Cyrino Oliveira   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Covariant hyperquantization

, 1956
The differential equations for the vacuum expectation values of chronological products of field operators are transcribed into an operator formalism which is covariant under the Lorentz group. This is accomplished by introducing a new set of field operators with the same transformation properties as the ordinary fields to which they correspond.
openaire   +2 more sources