Discrimination Against Immigrants in the Criminal Justice System: Evidence from Pretrial Detentions [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 This paper tests for discrimination against immigrant defendants in the criminal justice system in Chile using a decade of nationwide administrative records on pretrial detentions. Observational benchmark regressions show that immigrant defendants are 8.6 percentage points less likely to be released pretrial relative to Chilean defendants with similar ...
arxiv
Survivor-Centered Transformative Justice: An Approach to Designing Alongside Domestic Violence Stakeholders in US Muslim Communities [PDF]
, 2023 While domestic violence (DV) is prevalent in all socioeconomic settings, identity highly impacts how one experiences and recovers from abuse. This work examines US-based Muslim women's challenges when seeking help and healing from domestic violence.
arxiv +1 more source
Reimagining Criminal Justice: Black and Brown Youthin Gang Database Are Guilty Until Proven Innocent [PDF]
, 2020 Young men of color growing up across this nation face a hurdle most of us will never have to imagine. If a student of color is not diverted to the criminal justice system, suspended or expelled, they might nonetheless be labeled and marked as having gang
Tapia, Irish
core +1 more source
Designing of Self‐Dispersing Soft Dendritic Microcleaners for Microplastics Capture and Recovery
Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.The capture and recovery of microplastics from open aquatic systems is a complex problem, which necessitates nontrivial solutions. The principles of a comprehensive multistage process based on sustainably sourced microcleaners with hierarchical morphology are demonstrated.
Haeleen Hong +3 more
wiley +1 more source
An empirical assessment of seaports as facilitators of FOC-flagged transshipment landings
Crime ScienceTransshipment is one of the most common activities occurring between carriers and fishing vessels to exchange fish, as well as fuel, crew, and gear at sea or at port.
Gohar A. Petrossian +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Investigating sentence severity with judicial open data -- A case study on sentencing high-tech crime in the Dutch criminal justice system [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Open data promotes transparency and accountability as everyone can analyse it. Law enforcement and the judiciary are increasingly making data available, to increase trust and confidence in the criminal justice system. Due to privacy legislation, judicial open data -- like court judgments -- in Europe is usually anonymised.
arxiv
Forks Over Knives: Predictive Inconsistency in Criminal Justice Algorithmic Risk Assessment Tools [PDF]
, 2020 Big data and algorithmic risk prediction tools promise to improve criminal justice systems by reducing human biases and inconsistencies in decision making. Yet different, equally-justifiable choices when developing, testing, and deploying these sociotechnical tools can lead to disparate predicted risk scores for the same individual.
arxiv +1 more source
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.Abstract Relaxing administrative burdens can boost enrollment in benefit programs. However, administrative burdens can influence other outcomes of interest. Simplified reporting is a state policy option that reduces the amount of information Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients must report between certifications.
W. Clay Fannin
wiley +1 more source
Compounding Injustice: History and Prediction in Carceral Decision-Making [PDF]
arXiv, 2020 Risk assessment algorithms in criminal justice put people's lives at the discretion of a simple statistical tool. This thesis explores how algorithmic decision-making in criminal policy can exhibit feedback effects, where disadvantage accumulates among those deemed 'high risk' by the state.
arxiv
Fairness in Federated Learning: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities
Advanced Intelligent Systems, EarlyView.This survey delves into the intricate issues pertinent to fairness in federated learning , where various biasing factors can skew model performance. By systematically analyzing fairness‐aware strategies, evaluation metrics, and future directions, this work identifies pivotal research gaps in existing approaches and sheds light on both challenges and ...
Noorain Mukhtiar +2 more
wiley +1 more source