Results 71 to 80 of about 2,659,448 (337)
Fairness Deconstructed: A Sociotechnical View of 'Fair' Algorithms in Criminal Justice [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Early studies of risk assessment algorithms used in criminal justice revealed widespread racial biases. In response, machine learning researchers have developed methods for fairness, many of which rely on equalizing empirical metrics across protected attributes.
arxiv
Relative Impact of Underreporting and Desistance on the Dark Figure of Sexual Recidivism
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Sexual recidivism rates based on arrests or convictions underestimate actual reoffending due to underreporting. A previous Monte Carlo simulation estimated actual recidivism rates under various reporting and conviction assumptions but did not account for desistance—the decreasing likelihood of reoffending over time.
Nicholas Scurich, Richard S. John
wiley +1 more source
The Role of Mandated Mental Health Treatment in the Criminal Justice System [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 Mental health disorders are particularly prevalent among those in the criminal justice system and may be a contributing factor in recidivism. Using North Carolina court cases from 1994 to 2009, this paper evaluates how mandated mental health treatment as a term of probation impacts the likelihood that individuals return to the criminal justice system ...
arxiv
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT The Pareto principle is based on the concept that roughly 80% of outcomes are generated by 20% of inputs, efforts, or contributors within a group. Using a national sample of U.S. prison inmates, we examined various percentile rankings of self‐reported institutional misconduct to determine how much disorder is created behind bars by the most ...
Mark A. Morgan +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Risk Perception and Risk Communication: Multi‐Actor Perspectives on Pretrial Decision‐Making
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT As jurisdictions across the United States implement pretrial risk assessments to advance pretrial reform, there has been a limited research focus on factors affecting risk assessment‐guided decision‐making. To advance this work, this study examined: (1) differences in perceptions of risk and utility of risk assessment information by criminal ...
Ashley E. Rodriguez +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Crime ScienceHot spots policing is an effective, evidence-based strategy that reduces violent crime within small geographic units, or “hot spots,” in urban areas.
Brandon Tregle +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Prior theoretical and empirical research examining the influence of sex on sentencing has been primarily concerned with the sex of the offender, as opposed to the victim. The present study drew on a convenience sample of males (n = 1190) in state and federal correctional facilities across the country, examining minimum sentences in relation to
Shawn M. Rolfe +2 more
wiley +1 more source
“Sorting Things out”: A Scoping Review of Sexual Homicide Typologies
Behavioral Sciences &the Law, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Sexual homicides are complex crimes that have been the focus of numerous classification systems aimed at aiding investigations, understanding offender behavior, and informing treatment plans. Over the past 25 years, a variety of typologies have been developed to categorize these offenses.
Eric Beauregard, Julien Chopin
wiley +1 more source
Campbell Systematic Reviews, 2020 Background Herman Goldstein developed problem‐oriented policing (POP) to focus police on more proactively addressing chronic problems, rather than using traditional reactive efforts. POP has been utilized to target a wide range of problems and has become
Joshua C. Hinkle +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Statistics and Public Policy, 2021 Mass public shootings have generated significant levels of fear in the recent years, with many observers criticizing the media for fostering a moral panic, if not an actual rise in the frequency of such attacks. Scholarly research suggests that the media
James Alan Fox +4 more
doaj +1 more source