From Critical Raw Materials to Circular Raw Materials. [PDF]
ChemSusChemAbstractThis perspective addresses the key challenge of advancing the use of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) and proposes a transition towards circular raw material management. In the context of our current economy, the unsustainable consumption, environmental degradation, geopolitical risks, and economic vulnerabilities associated with CRMs highlight ...
van Gaalen JM, Chris Slootweg J.
europepmc +6 more sources
Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Using Critical Raw Materials: A Review. [PDF]
Materials (Basel), 2021 The term “critical raw materials” (CRMs) refers to various metals and nonmetals that are crucial to Europe’s economic progress. Modern technologies enabling effective use and recyclability of CRMs are in critical demand for the EU industries.
Popov VV +8 more
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Complex Concentrated Alloys for Substitution of Critical Raw Materials in Applications for Extreme Conditions. [PDF]
Materials (Basel), 2021 The paper is proposing a mini-review on the capability of the new complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) to substitute or reduce the use of critical raw materials in applications for extreme conditions.
Mitrica D +7 more
europepmc +3 more sources
The Critical Raw Materials in Cutting Tools for Machining Applications: A Review. [PDF]
Materials (Basel), 2020 A variety of cutting tool materials are used for the contact mode mechanical machining of components under extreme conditions of stress, temperature and/or corrosion, including operations such as drilling, milling turning and so on.
Rizzo A +8 more
europepmc +3 more sources
Materials selection in a critical raw materials perspective
Materials & Design, 2019 Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) are those raw materials that are economically and strategically important for the European economy but have a high-risk associated with their supply.
Paolo Ferro, Franco Bonollo
doaj +6 more sources
Assessing Critical Raw Materials and Their Supply Risk in Energy Technologies—A Literature Review
EnergiesClimate change is leading modern society to seek innovative solutions for sustainable development and a zero-carbon economy. Nevertheless, new technologies strongly rely on precious raw materials and might suffer from supply chain risks.
Francesco Montana +6 more
doaj +4 more sources
Critical Raw Materials Saving by Protective Coatings under Extreme Conditions: A Review of Last Trends in Alloys and Coatings for Aerospace Engine Applications. [PDF]
Materials (Basel), 2021 Several applications, where extreme conditions occur, require the use of alloys often containing many critical elements. Due to the ever increasing prices of critical raw materials (CRMs) linked to their high supply risk, and because of their fundamental
Grilli ML +6 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Understanding Rare Earth Elements as Critical Raw Materials
Sustainability, 2023 The boom in technological advances in recent decades has led to increased demand for rare earth elements (REEs) (also known as rare earth metals) across various industries with wide-ranging industrial applications, including in the clean energy sector ...
Walter Leal Filho +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Critical Raw Material Resource Potentials in Europe
Materials Proceedings, 2023 The vulnerability of economies and the associated familiar lifestyles have led to numerous policy measures in Europe. The proposed Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) sets indicative targets for 2030.
Antje Wittenberg, Daniel de Oliveira
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A Digital Product Passport for Critical Raw Materials Reuse and Recycling
Sustainability, 2023 The reuse and recycling of critical raw materials is limited, as waste electrical and electronic recycling focuses on base and precious metals, and device component reuse is in its infancy. To help to address this issue this paper provides the conceptual
Deborah Leone +2 more
exaly +2 more sources