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Leveraging knowledge graphs and large language models for integrating molecular variants and clinical insights in COVID-19 research. [PDF]
Yang J +10 more
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Currency Substitution in Russia [PDF]
Due to high inflation and the lack of financial instruments, the Russian economy is currently highly dollarized. The share of dollars in the total amount of cash circulating in the Russian economy constitutes about 80%. What is the degree of this currency substitution phenomenon?
Fridman Alla, Verbetsky Aleksey
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Currency Substitution and Currency Controls: the Polish Experience of 1990 [PDF]
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Aarle, B. van
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Substituting a substitute currency
International Review of Economics & Finance, 2008Abstract This study evaluates the dynamics between the dollar and euro balances in the Estonian economy. The focus is to apply the traditional currency substitution model to the substitution of the substitute currency, the dollar and euro-related foreign currency balances.
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Currency substitution in Thailand
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2001Abstract In this article we investigate whether currency depreciation in Thailand has resulted in currency substitution away from the Thai baht. By using quarterly data over the 1977–90 period and an M2 money demand function that includes the exchange rate in addition to income and interest rate, we show that indeed depreciation of the baht has ...
Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee +1 more
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Asian Economic Journal, 2016
This study investigates the determinants of currency substitution in Laos based on the function of money demand. The empirical model is estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration for the period 1993–2012. Our estimation results indicate that the interest rate differential is a significant currency substitution ...
Inthiphone Xaiyavong, Toshihisa Toyoda
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This study investigates the determinants of currency substitution in Laos based on the function of money demand. The empirical model is estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration for the period 1993–2012. Our estimation results indicate that the interest rate differential is a significant currency substitution ...
Inthiphone Xaiyavong, Toshihisa Toyoda
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Iraq, 1939
In a note, published in 1934, on the currencies of East Syria under the Roman Empire, I described some clay tesserae from Palmyra which resemble coins in their shape and types, and suggested that they might have been used to supplement the regular metallic currency in emergencies.
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In a note, published in 1934, on the currencies of East Syria under the Roman Empire, I described some clay tesserae from Palmyra which resemble coins in their shape and types, and suggested that they might have been used to supplement the regular metallic currency in emergencies.
openaire +1 more source
Currency Substitution and Financial Innovation
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 1993This paper explores the domestic effects as well as the international transmission of financial innovation. The analysis is carried out in a cash-in-advance model with two currencies and tw o goods in which income velocity is variable because of inventory-type considerations in the determination of the demand for money.
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Currency Substitution and Currency Crises
Journal of Economics and Management, 2007This paper investigates the relationship between the collapse timing of exchange rate regime and degree of substitutability of foreign currency for domestic currency as a medium of exchange. According to the spirit of Chen et al. (1981), Tsaur (1987), Chang et al.
Yu-Fong Sun, Tien-Wang Tsaur
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