Results 21 to 30 of about 182 (135)

Optimal Protection Coordination of Active Distribution Networks Using Smart Selection of Short Circuit Voltage-Based Relay Characteristics

Energies, 2023
Much attention has been paid to the optimized protection of microgrids (MGs) and active distribution networks (ADNs). However, the literature shows a research gap in proposing a hybrid scheme, utilizing the voltage-based and overcurrent-based relays ...
Ali Vafadar, Maryam A. Hejazi, Hamed Hashemi-Dezaki, Negin Mohagheghi   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Novel Protection Scheme for Solar Photovoltaic Generator Connected Networks Using Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm-Bollinger Bands Approach

Energies, 2020
This paper introduces a new protection system for solar photovoltaic generator (SPVG)-connected networks. The system is a combination of voltage-restrained overcurrent relays (VROCRs) and directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs).
Vipul N. Rajput, Kartik S. Pandya, Junhee Hong, Zong Woo Geem   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Review of Transient Support and Security‐Stability Enhancement Control Strategies for Grid‐Forming Voltage Source Converter‐Based High Voltage Direct Current Transmission

High Voltage, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Amid the ongoing global energy transition, the short‐circuit ratios of AC power grids are continuously decreasing. Grid‐forming voltage source converter‐based high voltage direct current transmission (GFM VSC‐HVDC) systems have therefore come to the forefront of attention.
Cheng Peng, Guangfu Tang, Yuexi Yang, Xiao Zhou, Chong Gao, Zhiyuan He, Xinying Wang, Hui Pang   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Optimal protection coordination for directional overcurrent relays in radial distribution networks with inverter-based distributed energy resources

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
The optimal setting of directional overcurrent relays ensures the reliable protection and fast fault clearance of radial distribution networks. However, the increasing proliferation of inverter-based distributed energy resources can result in protection ...
Jie Li, Jingtong Feng, Min Huang, Shenquan Liu, Gang Wang   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Penalty‐Based Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for Coordinating Relays in a Brazilian 138 kV Real Power System

Vector: The Journal of Engineering, Volume 2027, Issue 1, January/December 2027.
Modelling relay coordination problem via sinusoidal, quadratic or polynomial penalty functions; metaheuristic penalty based‐discrete particle swarm optimization covering both time and instantaneous overcurrent units; dedicated program developed in C++ programming language to a real equivalent circuit.
Arthur Gomes de Souza, Wellington Maycon Santos Bernardes   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Review of Overcurrent Protection in Smart Grids Under Cyber‐Physical Threats With a Cyber‐Physical Evaluation Framework

Energy Science &Engineering, Volume 14, Issue 8, Page 3948-3973, August 2026.
By manipulating current and voltage measurements, an assailant can induce unwanted relay action while attempting to avoid detection. Detecting advanced cyber intrusions in power protection environments requires specialised data analysis and anomaly detection methods.
Feras Alasali, Anas AlMajali, Naser Naily, Hassen Loukil, Salah AbuGhalyon, William Holderbaum, Abdelaziz Salah Saidi   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Distance optimization and directional overcurrent relay coordination using edge-powered biogeography-genetic algorithms

Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications
The effective functioning and regulation of power systems crucially rely on the coordination of distance and directional overcurrent relays. Accurate fault detection and successful clearing sequences require support for each relay and the maintenance of ...
Mohammadreza Aminian, Mehdi Jafari Shahbazzadeh, Mahdiyeh Eslami   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Busbar Fault Direction Identification Using Sequences of Displacement Vectors

Engineering Reports, Volume 8, Issue 2, February 2026.
In this paper, a novel busbar fault direction identification scheme is presented. The proposed scheme is based on sequences of displacement vectors. The proposed algorithm is fast and simple enough to be embedded in a differential relay to assist the percentage‐restraint differential algorithm.
Mostafa Sarlak
wiley   +1 more source

Advanced Clustering and Optimisation Techniques for Adaptive Protection in AC Microgrids With Hardware‐in‐the‐Loop Testing

Energy Science &Engineering, Volume 14, Issue 1, Page 377-398, January 2026.
Standard and proposed non‐standard OCR characteristics. ABSTRACT This study introduces an advanced adaptive protection approach for AC power systems, designed to address key limitations in current clustering‐based relay coordination methods. Using K‐means, hierarchical, and spectral clustering techniques, the proposed scheme classifies grid operating ...
Feras Alasali, Naser El‐Naily, Mohamed Salem, Hassen Loukil, Haytham Y. Mustafa, Abdelaziz Salah Saidi, William Holderbaum   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Adaptive Protection Coordination for Microgrids Using Dual‐Setting Directional Overcurrent Relays: A Real‐Time HIL Validation Approach

IET Generation, Transmission &Distribution, Volume 20, Issue 1, January/December 2026.
This research presents a robust protection coordination strategy using dual‐setting directional overcurrent relays (DS‐DOCRs) and a novel optimisation approach to address challenges in adaptive protection. A modified objective function, incorporating primary and backup relay operating times along with coordination time intervals (CTIs), is designed to ...
Oussama Merabet, Aissa Kheldoun, Aidil Azwin Zainul Abidin, Saad Mekhilef, Nima Khosravi   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source