Specifically Mentioned Discretionary Punishments (al-Ta’zirat al-Mansoos): From Perpetual Laws to Judicial and Administrative Laws [PDF]
In Islamic traditional jurisprudence it is assumed that punishments are either had (prescribed punishment) or ta’zir (discretionary punishment left to the decision of the judge in each case). There are also some specific crimes which are considered as ta’
Mohammad Ramezani +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Optimization and Analysis of Central bank Losses for Oil Exporting Economy, Application of DSGE Model (Case study of Iranian Economy) [PDF]
One of the most important macroeconomic challenges has always been creating and implementing an economic policy, and it continues to be a key element of planner's decisions. The importance of the time difference between the design process of a policy and
Marzieh Asadi Asad Abad +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Završnim se radom istražuje institut diskrecijske ocjene kroz prizmu teorijskih razmatranja hrvatskog i usporednog prava, ujedno prateći povijesni razvoj pojma te njegovu primjenu u praksi.
Horvat Sovilj, Paola
core +1 more source
MOGAD Is the Most Common Cause of Isolated Optic Neuritis in Children
ABSTRACT Objectives The study aimed to characterize the clinical features, etiologies, and outcomes of isolated, first‐time pediatric ON in the post‐MOG‐IgG era. Methods This was a single‐center retrospective cohort study at Texas Children's Hospital of patients diagnosed with first‐time ON between 2018–2024, with follow‐up data collected through 2025.
Chaitanya Aduru +13 more
wiley +1 more source
Bi‐ and Mono‐Allelic RFC1 Expansion in a North American Cohort With Idiopathic Axonal Neuropathy
ABSTRACT Objective RFC1 biallelic repeat expansion is increasingly recognized as a cause of chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP), but it remains challenging to know who to test. This study aims to determine the prevalence of biallelic and monoallelic RFC1 expansions and their corresponding neuropathy phenotypes in CIAP patients and identify ...
Amro M. Stino +25 more
wiley +1 more source
Inebilizumab in AQP4‐Seropositive NMOSD: One‐Year Follow‐Up From a Multicenter, Real‐World Study
ABSTRACT Objective Real‐world evidence on inebilizumab among neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients is lacking. This study assessed inebilizumab among Chinese patients with aquaporin 4 autoantibody (AQP4‐IgG)‐seropositive NMOSD in a real‐world setting.
Mengcui Gui +10 more
wiley +1 more source
Reconfiguring essential and discretionary public goods [PDF]
When is state coercion for the provision of public goods justified? And how should the social surplus of public goods be distributed? Philosophers approach these questions by distinguishing between essential and discretionary public goods.
Bieber, Friedemann; https://orcid.org/ +1 more
core +2 more sources
Discordance Between Patient and Physician Global Assessments in Early Systemic Sclerosis
Objective This study aims to identify factors associated with patient global assessment (PtGA) and physician global assessment (PhGA) and discordance between them in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods Data from adults with early SSc (<5 years) from the Collaborative National Quality and Efficacy Registry were included.
Ellen Romich +35 more
wiley +1 more source
Clinical, Histologic, and Serological Predictors of Renal Function Loss in Lupus Nephritis
Objective Kidney survival is the ultimate goal in lupus nephritis (LN) management, but long‐term predictors remain inadequately studied, requiring long‐term follow‐up. This study aimed to identify baseline and early longitudinal predictors of kidney survival in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership LN longitudinal cohort.
Shangzhu Zhang +21 more
wiley +1 more source
Development of a Disease Activity Index for the Assessment of VEXAS Syndrome (VEXAS‐DAI)
Objective Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‐linked, autoinflammatory, somatic syndrome (VEXAS) syndrome is characterized by a complex spectrum of inflammatory and hematologic manifestations. Clinical research to identify effective therapies is urgently needed but is hindered by the lack of validated outcome measures.
Kevin Byram +25 more
wiley +1 more source

