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The bill of lading as a document of title
Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, 2011Abstract This chapter addresses the bill of lading as a document of title. At common law, bills of lading are documents of title to goods. Accordingly, bills of lading in the accepted form can, by endorsement and delivery, or delivery alone, transfer constructive possession in the goods to the holder.
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Word Semantic Similarity Based on Document's Title
2013 24th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2013Measuring similarity between words using a search engine based on page counts alone is a challenging task. Search engines consider a document as a bag of words, ignoring the position of words in a document. In order to measure semantic similarity between two given words, this paper proposes a transformation function for web measures along with a new ...
Mohamed Said Hamani, Ramdane Maamri
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The use of title and cited titles as document representation for automatic classification
Information Processing and Management, 1975Abstract In this investigation the use of title and cited title words as document representation is explored. It ofters a method intermediate between the use of title and abstract of a document and that of citation identities, retaining some advantages of both.
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The use of titles for automatic document classification
Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1980AbstractAn experimental computer program has been developed to classify documents according to the 80 sections and five major section groupings of Chemical Abstracts (CA). The program uses pattern recognition techniques supplemented by heuristics. During the “training” phase, words from pre‐classified documents are selected, and the probability of ...
Karen A. Hamill, Antonio Zamora 0002
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Document Title Patterns in Information Retrieval
1999The document titles give an important information about documents. This is why they are frequently used to obtain document keywords. We use them to determine document intentions. To obtain some textual details, we use special information extraction techniques for the construction of extra-topical representations of the documents.
Manuel Montes-y-Gómez +2 more
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Title Generation for Machine-Translated Documents
2018In this paper, we present and compare automatically generated titles for machine-translated documents using several different statistics-based methods. A Naïve Bayesian, a K-Nearest Neighbour, a TF-IDF and an it-erative Expectation-Maximization method for title gen-eration were applied to 1000 original English news documents and again to the same ...
Rong Jin 0001, Alexander G. Hauptmann
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Generic title labeling for clustered documents
Expert Systems with Applications, 2010Document clustering is a powerful technique to detect topics and their relations for information browsing, analysis, and organization. However, clustered documents require post-assignment of descriptive titles to help users interpret the results. Existing techniques often assign labels to clusters based only on the terms that the clustered documents ...
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Title extraction and generation from OCR'd documents
SPIE Proceedings, 2007Extraction of metadata from documents is a tedious and expensive process. In general, documents are manually reviewed for structured data such as title, author, date, organization, etc. The purpose of extraction is to build metadata for documents that can be used when formulating structured queries.
Kazem Taghva +4 more
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Cross-Context Transfer of Electronic Title Documents
2011 IEEE 8th International Conference on e-Business Engineering, 2011Legal transfer of electronic title document across heterogeneous contexts is a challenging research problem in e-commerce and implies a wider e-commerce transaction scope. This kind of title transfer requires semantic consistency, confidentiality, integrity and legality between transferor and transferee.
Wai Lin Wong, Jingzhi Guo
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