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Cognition, 2022 Decision-making involves weighing up the outcome likelihood, potential rewards, and effort needed. Previous research has focused on the trade-offs between risk and reward or between effort and reward. Here we bridge this gap and examine how risk in effort levels influences choice.
Alice Mason +5 more
openaire +3 more sources
The Journal of Neuroscience, 2021 Humans routinely learn the value of actions by updating their expectations based on past outcomes – a process driven by reward prediction errors (RPEs). Importantly, however, implementing a course of action also requires the investment of effort. Recent work has revealed a close link between the neural signals involved in effort exertion and those ...
Huw Jarvis +5 more
openaire +3 more sources
Best Effort and Practice Activation Codes [PDF]
, 2010 Activation Codes are used in many different digital services and known by many different names including voucher, e-coupon and discount code. In this paper we focus on a specific class of ACs that are short, human-readable, fixed-length and represent ...
Furnell, S. +4 more
core +4 more sources
Mathematician's call for interdisciplinary research effort [PDF]
, 2013 The article addresses the necessity of increasing the role of mathematics in the psychological intervention in problem gambling, including cognitive therapies. It also calls for interdisciplinary research with the direct contribution of mathematics.
Barboianu, Catalin
core +1 more source
Validity of a pictorial perceived exertion scale for effort estimation and effort production during stepping exercise in adolescent children [PDF]
, 2002 This is the author's PDF version of an article published in European Physical Education Review ©2002. The definitive version is available at http://epe.sagepub.com.Recent developments in the study of paediatric effort perception have continued to ...
Biddle, S. +15 more
core +1 more source
The economics of user effort in information security [PDF]
, 2009 A significant number of security breaches result from employees' failures to comply with security policies. The cause is often an honest mistake, such as when an employee enters their password in a phishing website, believing it to be a legitimate one.1 ...
Beautement, A, Sasse, A
core +1 more source
The Effort to Decrease Maternal and Child Mortality Rates Through Cultural Transformation [PDF]
, 2016 Maternal and infant mortality in Ende is still high, but research related a social science is rare. The cultural aspect and medical factors such as the lack of primary health care services are also play a role.
Kristianti, R. D. (Rani) +3 more
core
Overlapping neural systems represent cognitive effort and reward anticipation [PDF]
, 2014 Anticipating a potential benefit and how difficult it will be to obtain it are valuable skills in a constantly changing environment. In the human brain, the anticipation of reward is encoded by the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and Striatum. Naturally,
Achten, Eric +5 more
core +3 more sources
Effort and synergies in network formation [PDF]
, 2007 The aim of this paper is to understand the interactions between productive effort and the creation of synergies that are the sources of technological collaboration agreements, agglomeration, social stratification, etc.
Cabrales, Antonio +2 more
core +1 more source
Standards and Incentives under Moral Hazard with Limited Liability [PDF]
, 2012 We consider a model of moral hazard with limited liability of the agent and effort that is two-dimensional. One dimension of the agent’s effort is observable and the other is not.
Reinshagen, Felix
core +2 more sources