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The “Effort Elephant” in the Room: What Is Effort, Anyway?
Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2022Despite decades of research in the fields of judgment and decision-making, social psychology, cognitive psychology, human-machine interaction, behavioral economics, and neuroscience, we still do not know what “cognitive effort” is. The definitions in use are often imprecise and sometimes diametrically opposed.
Keela S. Thomson, Daniel M. Oppenheimer
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Cortex, 1998
We report three cases of effortful echolalia in patients with cerebral infarction. The clinical picture of speech disturbance is associated with Type 1 Transcortical Motor Aphasia (TCMA, Goldstein, 1915). The patients always spoke nonfluently with loss of speech initiative, dysarthria, dysprosody, agrammatism, and increased effort and were unable to ...
K, Hadano, H, Nakamura, T, Hamanaka
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We report three cases of effortful echolalia in patients with cerebral infarction. The clinical picture of speech disturbance is associated with Type 1 Transcortical Motor Aphasia (TCMA, Goldstein, 1915). The patients always spoke nonfluently with loss of speech initiative, dysarthria, dysprosody, agrammatism, and increased effort and were unable to ...
K, Hadano, H, Nakamura, T, Hamanaka
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Reducing the Effort in Effortful Control
2013In the fourth Book of The Republic, Socrates tells the following story: I once heard something that I believe, that Leontius, the son of Aglaion, was coming up from the Piraeus under the north wall from outside and observed corpses beside the public executioner.
Stuart G. Shanker, Devin M. Casenhiser
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Metroeconomica, 1997
Efficiency‐wage theory has been criticized recently for its treatment of “effort”. According to Currie and Steedman (Metroeconomica, 1993), effort is an ordinal variable, and ordinality implies that some standard assumptions become meaningless. This criticism is unfounded.
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Efficiency‐wage theory has been criticized recently for its treatment of “effort”. According to Currie and Steedman (Metroeconomica, 1993), effort is an ordinal variable, and ordinality implies that some standard assumptions become meaningless. This criticism is unfounded.
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Cognitive Psychology, 2019
How do learners make decisions about how, what, and when to study, and why are their decisions sometimes ineffective for learning? In three studies, learners experienced a pair of contrasting study strategies (Study 1: interleaved vs.
Afton Kirk-Johnson +2 more
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How do learners make decisions about how, what, and when to study, and why are their decisions sometimes ineffective for learning? In three studies, learners experienced a pair of contrasting study strategies (Study 1: interleaved vs.
Afton Kirk-Johnson +2 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Ergonomics, 1984
Abstract A series of studies examined the reliability and validity of an index of perceived physical effort assessing the metabolic and ergonomic costs of task performance. In one set of studies, a wide variety of occupational and recreational tasks were rated on the physical effort required.
E A, Fleishman +2 more
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Abstract A series of studies examined the reliability and validity of an index of perceived physical effort assessing the metabolic and ergonomic costs of task performance. In one set of studies, a wide variety of occupational and recreational tasks were rated on the physical effort required.
E A, Fleishman +2 more
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2022
Since the Seventies of last century, the evolution of the non-proliferation and arms control architecture has been characterized by the recourse to 'informal' efforts, along with legally binding treaties. In a field characterized by technological innovations, reasons of speed and flexibility contribute to explain why States have relied on voluntary ...
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Since the Seventies of last century, the evolution of the non-proliferation and arms control architecture has been characterized by the recourse to 'informal' efforts, along with legally binding treaties. In a field characterized by technological innovations, reasons of speed and flexibility contribute to explain why States have relied on voluntary ...
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Annals of Internal Medicine, 1959
Excerpt Relatively little has been written in the English literature during the last two decades about any of the physical allergies other than cold allergy.
R L, RAINEY, D L, DEUTSCH
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Excerpt Relatively little has been written in the English literature during the last two decades about any of the physical allergies other than cold allergy.
R L, RAINEY, D L, DEUTSCH
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Real effort versus chosen effort in experiments
Economics Letters, 2007We analyze two different ways of operationalizing effort in laboratory experiments: real effort where participants work on a specific task, and chosen effort where participants choose increasingly costly effort levels. Our results support equivalence between chosen effort and real effort.
Brüggen, A., Strobel, M.
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Dissecting Design Effort and Drawing Effort in UML Modeling
2017 43rd Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA), 2017One argument in the discussion about the adoption of UML in industry is the supposedly large effort it takes to do modeling. Our study explores how the creation of UML models can be understood to consist of different cognitive activities: (i) designing: thinking about the design (ideation, key-design decision making), (ii) notation expression ...
Rodi Jolak +4 more
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