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Laws of Thermodynamic Equilibrium
2014In the previous chapters we have reviewed the fundamental properties of the radiation field and those of atomic systems. Before we move on to a quantum description of the interaction between these systems, is it necessary to study, in all generality, their physical characteristics in the particular case of thermodynamic equilibrium.
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Relaxation to Thermodynamic Equilibrium [PDF]
, 1986 This chapter gives two examples of application of the CS method to problems in non-equilibrium statistical physics. It describes the evolution toward thermodynamic equilibrium for quantum systems with equidistant energy spectra (the quantum oscillator and a spinning particle in a magnetic field) set in thermostat.
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Approach to Thermodynamic Equilibrium
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1961The properties of a macroscopic classical system consisting of some 1020 molecules are determined by a probability density function W of the complete Γ space of moments and coordinates of all the molecules. This probability density function is that of the ensemble representing the totality of all experimental systems prepared according to the ...
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Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018
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Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
2011Complex structures such as the cellular building blocks of living things are not at equilibrium in the traditional thermodynamic meaning of the term. They are stable only in the sense that they can continually feed off energy sources supplied by electromagnetic field, chemical, thermal and pressure gradients. Thermodynamically, life has to be viewed as
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Equilibrium Thermodynamics and Life
2011This chapter attempts to show that the thermodynamic laws are by no means just restricted to the study of thermal effects in man-made artefacts and heat engines. The growing evidence is that, provided they are applied with suitable caution, these laws can also explain, elegantly and succinctly, complex systems in the natural world.
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Thermodynamics and Stability of Equilibrium
1984The thermodynamical criteria recommended by GIBBS [1] for analyzing stability of equilibrium have been used for a great variety of physical problems, viewed in a variety of ways, making it hard to know what to say about them, in a brief discussion. After some reflection, I have decided to make this a commentary on the older viewpoints or, more properly,
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