Results 1 to 10 of about 439 (114)

Influence of Prolonged Serotonin and Ergovaline Pre-Exposure on Vasoconstriction Ex Vivo. [PDF]

Toxins (Basel), 2021
Ergot alkaloid mycotoxins interfere in many functions associated with serotonergic neurotransmitters. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate whether the association of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and ergot alkaloids during a 24 h pre-incubation could affect the vascular contractile response to ergot alkaloids.
Valente EEL, Harmon DL, Klotz JL.
europepmc   +5 more sources

Risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids in feed. [PDF]

EFSA J
Abstract The European Commission requested EFSA to provide an update of the 2012 Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) on the risks for animal health related to the presence of ergot alkaloids (EAs) in feed. EAs are produced by several fungi of the Claviceps and Epichloë genera.
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM), Schrenk D, Bignami M, Bodin L, Chipman JK, Del Mazo J, Grasl-Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Leblanc JC, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Sand S, Schwerdtle T, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Gropp J, Mulder P, Oswald IP, Woutersen R, Gómez Ruiz JÁ, Rovesti E, Hoogenboom LR.   +23 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Duration of ergovaline exposure influences serotonin-mediated vasoactivity of bovine mesenteric vasculature. [PDF]

J Anim Sci, 2023
Abstract Ergovaline (ERV), produced in toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue, causes potent vasoconstriction of bovine peripheral and visceral vasculature. Ergovaline acts as both an agonist and an antagonist in bovine gut blood vessels through serotonin (5-HT) receptors and it appears that the type of action could be influenced by the ...
Trotta RJ, Harmon DL, Ji H, Klotz JL.
europepmc   +3 more sources

Using On-Farm Monitoring of Ergovaline and Tall Fescue Composition for Horse Pasture Management. [PDF]

Toxins (Basel), 2021
Central Kentucky horse pastures contain significant populations of tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinacea (Schreb.) Dumort) infected with an endophyte (Epichloë coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams) Bacon and Schardl) known to produce several ergot alkaloids, with ergovaline in the highest concentration.
Lea KM, Smith SR.
europepmc   +6 more sources

Toxicokinetics of ergovaline in the horse after an intravenous administration [PDF]

Veterinary Research, 2001
The toxicokinetics of ergovaline (an ergopeptine mycotoxin present in some grasses infected with endophytic fungus of the genus Neotyphodium) were studied after intravenous administration of a single dose of 15 microg/kg bwt in four gelding horses. Plasma ergovaline concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and the kinetic
Bony, Sylvie, Durix, Andrée, Leblond, Agnès, Jaussaud, Philippe   +3 more
openaire   +8 more sources

Silicon and Epichloë‐endophyte defences in a model temperate grass diminish feeding efficiency and immunity of an insect folivore

Functional Ecology, Volume 37, Issue 12, Page 3177-3192, December 2023., 2023
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Abstract Plants deploy diverse anti‐herbivore defences which reduce feeding and performance of herbivores. Temperate grasses use silicon (Si) accumulation and Epichloë‐endophytes for physical and chemical (i.e. endophytic‐alkaloids) defence against insect herbivores.
X. Cibils‐Stewart, R. Putra, T. Islam, D. J. Fanna, R. Wuhrer, W. J. Mace, S. E. Hartley, A. J. Popay, S. N. Johnson   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Elevated atmospheric CO2 suppresses silicon accumulation and exacerbates endophyte reductions in plant phosphorus

Functional Ecology, Volume 37, Issue 6, Page 1567-1579, June 2023., 2023
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Abstract Many temperate grasses are both hyper‐accumulators of silicon (Si) and hosts of Epichloë fungal endophytes, functional traits which may alleviate environmental stresses such as herbivore attack.
Scott N. Johnson, Craig V. M. Barton, Fikadu N. Biru, Tarikul Islam, Wade J. Mace, Rhiannon C. Rowe, Ximena Cibils–Stewart   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Biological control of plant diseases – What has been achieved and what is the direction?

Plant Pathology, Volume 71, Issue 5, Page 1024-1047, June 2022., 2022
Biological control is coming of age and many products are commercially available. This review emphasizes the biology of the three‐way interactions involved and the long route to commercialization. Abstract The global sustainability agenda is increasing the demand for reduction in inputs into agricultural production while maintaining profitable yield of
David B. Collinge, Dan Funck Jensen, Mojgan Rabiey, Sabrina Sarrocco, Michael W. Shaw, Richard H. Shaw   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ergovaline poisoning in a herd of dairy cows – a case report [PDF]

Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 2019
Endophytes are fungi of the genus Neotyphodium that live in symbiosis with grasses. The effects of this symbiosis can be both negative and positive. The negative effect may be due to alkaloids produced by endophytes that in higher concentrations are toxic to animals. The most common alkaloids produced by Neotyphodium fungi are ergovaline and lolitrem B.
L. Adaszek, Krzysztof Lutnicki, Stanisław Winiarczyk, Piotr Brodzki, Katarzyna Michalak, Jan Marczuk, J. Zietek   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

A Complex Ergovaline Gene Cluster in Epichloë Endophytes of Grasses [PDF]

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2007
ABSTRACT Clavicipitaceous fungal endophytes of the genera Epichloë and Neotyphodium form symbioses with grasses of the subfamily Pooideae, in which they can synthesize an array of bioprotective alkaloids. Some strains produce the ergopeptine alkaloid ergovaline, which is implicated
Aiko Tanaka, Geoffrey A. Lane, Damien J. Fleetwood, Damien J. Fleetwood, Barry Scott, Richard D. Johnson   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources