Results 91 to 100 of about 7,722,857 (284)

Legal uncertainty, competition law enforcement procedures and optimal penalties [PDF]

, 2014
In this paper we make three contributions to the literature on optimal Competition Law enforcement procedures. The first (which is of general interest beyond competition policy) is to clarify the concept of “legal uncertainty”, relating it to ideas in ...
Ulph, David Tregear, Katsoulacos, Yannis, Ulph, David   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Silicone Breast Implants as a Model System for Understanding Polymer Permeation in Soft Materials In Vivo

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
Silicone breast implants are presented as a model system for understanding polymer permeation in vivo. Rather than representing material failure, “gel bleed” emerges from solution–diffusion transport‐mediated. By integrating polymer architecture, physicochemical transport, and biointerfacial processes, this review provides a unified framework that ...
D. Bouyer, H. Mutlu, C. Charmette, E. Randrianaridera, Z. Adaidi, R. Hedna, L. Pieuchot, I. Pluvy, K. Anselme, N. Couturier, J. P. Mericq, A. Ponche, I. Brigaud   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Plasma Gelation as an Overlooked Determinant of Transfection Efficiency in Protein Corona‐Coated Lipid Nanoparticles: Implications for In Vitro–In Vivo Translation

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
Upon contact with plasma, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) rapidly acquire a protein corona (PC) that redefines their biological identity. In calcium‐containing environments, these coronated particles trigger the formation of a gel‐like plasma network, profoundly altering their transport properties and reducing their effective availability.
Serena Renzi, Luca Digiacomo, Francesca Giulimondi, Daniela Pozzi, Junbiao Wang, Augusto Amici, Cristina Marchini, Chiara Cassone, Alessandra Zingoni, Fabrizio Marra, Luca Buccini, Francesco Mura, Valentina De Lorenzi, Francesco Cardarelli, Giulio Caracciolo   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Near‐Infrared Light‐Activated Polydopamine Nanoparticles Conjugated With Transferrin Peptides for Enhanced Brain Accumulation

Advanced Healthcare Materials, EarlyView.
This study demonstrates that Tf‐PDA NPs combine a receptor‐mediated targeting with mild photothermal activation to enhance nanoparticle accumulation in the brain. NIR‐activated Tf‐PDA NPs increase BBB permeability to NPs in vitro and in vivo without inducing cytotoxicity or adverse immune responses.
Rafaela Ferrão, Susana Simões, Paulo Rodrigues‐Santos, Vitor Francisco, Akhilesh Rai, Lino Ferreira   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Better Together: The Evolution of Tying Theory and Doctrine in EU Competition Law and US Antitrust Law

Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, 2015
The article analyzes the economic theories of tying and tying case law in EU competition law and US antitrust law. The article aims to identify the economic rationales motivating the use of tying practices and appraises their implications to competition ...
Jarkko Vuorinen
doaj   +2 more sources

The application of EU competition law to reverse payment patent settlements in the pharmaceutical sector: current status under article 101 TFEU

Market and Competition Law Review
Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical sector has witnessed the occurrence of a particular type of agreement used to settle patent disputes between originator and generic drug manufacturers: so-called reverse payment patent settlements, also ...
Alessandra Campiglia
doaj   +1 more source

Energetic Offset in Organic Solar Cells‐ Importance, Confusion and Outlook

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
Energetic offsets in organic solar cells (OSCs) remain a subject of debate due to measurement‐ and lab‐dependent discrepancies. This Perspective clarifies the physical origins of these variations and identifies temperature‐dependent electro‐optical methods as a reliable approach to obtain consistent offset values.
Nakul Jain, Xian'e Li, Mats Fahlman, Olle Inganäs, Koen Vandewal, Feng Gao   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Sub‐Nanometer Curvature Unlocks Quantum Orbital Flexoelectricity in Graphene

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
In self‐assembled, reproducible, large‐area, quasi‐pristine graphene nanowrinkles, extreme curvature forces out‐of‐plane π‐electrons toward hybridization, driving a transition from classical to quantum orbital flexoelectricity. As curvature approaches the fundamental physical limit set by the C─C bond length, the resulting polarization increases by ...
Sathvik Ajay Iyengar, James G. McHugh, Jonathan P. Salvage, Robert Vajtai, Venkataramana Gadhamshetty, Alan B. Dalton, Manoj Tripathi, Pulickel M. Ajayan, Vincent Meunier   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

EU competition law and distribution channels [PDF]

, 1999
Competition and market power play great role in economic life. Actors of economic life employ various strategies to cope with their rivals. Vertial integration by means of vertical restraints are used by firms to reduce their transaction costs in open market transactions is one of those strategies.
openaire   +1 more source

Thermal‐Driven Diode Polarity Switching From Competing Helical Superconducting States in WTe2/α‐Fe2O3 Heterostructures

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
A Nb‐proximitized Josephson junction based on a WTe2/α‐Fe2O3 heterostructure exhibits a robust superconducting diode effect with programmable polarity. The diode direction can be trained by magnetic fields and switched by temperature cycling, revealing tunable finite‐momentum pairing states and competing superconducting states in symmetry‐broken ...
Enze Zhang, Grant Z. X. Yang, Zi‐Ting Sun, Xinhou Chen, Shishun Zhao, Chufan Chen, Chenhui Zhang, Fanrui Hu, K. T. Law, Hyunsoo Yang   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source