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European Exchange-Traded Funds
The Journal of Alternative Investments, 2002ETFs are index-based investment products that allow investors to buy or sell exposure to an index through a single financial instrument. ETFs have been available in North America since the early 1990s. Only recently have they caught the imagination of investors in Europe, where they have seen significant growth in the last year.
Massoud Mussavian, Jacques Hirsch
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2018
The European Union funds constitute the main budgetary instrument for the Union to promote its policy goals. The European Union Funds or European Structural and Investment Funds (generally, either EU funds or ESI funds) finance projects that pertain to a large array of areas, including regional and urban development, employment and social inclusion ...
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The European Union funds constitute the main budgetary instrument for the Union to promote its policy goals. The European Union Funds or European Structural and Investment Funds (generally, either EU funds or ESI funds) finance projects that pertain to a large array of areas, including regional and urban development, employment and social inclusion ...
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Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 2018
Purpose The complexity of the financial markets and their controlling entities make structural reforms highly problematic and controversial. This paper aims to address the deficiencies of the credit rating agency (CRA) market. The contribution of this paper to this long and ongoing discussion is a reform concept that is based on the introduction of a ...
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Purpose The complexity of the financial markets and their controlling entities make structural reforms highly problematic and controversial. This paper aims to address the deficiencies of the credit rating agency (CRA) market. The contribution of this paper to this long and ongoing discussion is a reform concept that is based on the introduction of a ...
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1999
Abstract In Article 117 of the EEC Treaty, Member States agreed upon the need to promote improved working conditions and an improved standard of living for workers. They believed that such improvements would ensue not only from the functioning of the common market but also from the procedures provided for in the Treaty.
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Abstract In Article 117 of the EEC Treaty, Member States agreed upon the need to promote improved working conditions and an improved standard of living for workers. They believed that such improvements would ensue not only from the functioning of the common market but also from the procedures provided for in the Treaty.
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The Performance of European Index Funds and Exchange‐Traded Funds
European Financial Management, 2009AbstractEuropean index funds and exchange‐traded funds underperform their benchmarks by 50 to 150 basis points per annum. The explanatory power of dividend withholding taxes as a determinant of this underperformance is at least on par with fund expenses.
Blitz, D, Huij, Joop, Swinkels, Laurens
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European research funding advances
Trends in Neurosciences, 2001In February, the European Commission approved a four-year, 16 billion-dollar program aimed to focus the European Unions (EU) research goals. If finalized next year, this program will encourage national research ministries and granting agencies to expand their programs to researchers in other countries by offering funding for large-scale projects and ...
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European Regional Development Fund
1999Abstract The European Regional Development Fund was the last of the three Structural Funds to be established, and only acquired an express legal basis in the Treaties as a result of the Single European Act. However, in terms of the amount of resources used, it has now become the most important of these three Funds.
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1984
A European Fund for Monetary Co-operation (EFMC) has, as a legal creation, existed since 1973. Unfortunately, at the time of its creation, it was not possible to reach an agreement on the permanent site of the Fund ———— the contestants being London and Luxembourg. Thus the following compromise was agreed upon.
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A European Fund for Monetary Co-operation (EFMC) has, as a legal creation, existed since 1973. Unfortunately, at the time of its creation, it was not possible to reach an agreement on the permanent site of the Fund ———— the contestants being London and Luxembourg. Thus the following compromise was agreed upon.
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Human and environmental safety of carbon nanotubes across their life cycle
Nature Reviews Materials, 2023Dana Goerzen, Matteo Pasquali
exaly