Ocena działań Narodowego Banku Polskiego podczas pandemii koronawirusa [PDF]
, 2022 The economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic led to an immediate reaction from central banks in developed countries. Because of low-interest rates, central banks had to resort to unconventional monetary policy tools assuming the use of changes ...
Markowiak, Mateusz
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, 2006 Zdigitalizowano i udostępniono w ramach projektu pn. Rozbudowa otwartych zasobów naukowych Repozytorium Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, dofinansowanego z programu „Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki” Ministra Edukacji i Nauki na podstawie umowy SONB/SP/512497 ...
Niedźwiecki, Arkadiusz
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Przeobrażenia gospodarcze w Polsce w latach 1989-2016 [PDF]
, 2018 The article has two purposes, to describe situations of transition. One is to identify the distinctive features of the Polish transformation which may explain why the initial, transformational recession implementation of the economic system.
Leszczyński, Dariusz
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Narodowy Bank Polski na tle Europejskiego Systemu Banków Centralnych [PDF]
, 2008 The European System of Central Banks (ESCB) started its activity in 1999. It consists of the European Central Bank (ECB), which started its activity on the first of June nineteen ninety-eight, and of National Central Banks (NCB) of EU Member States ...
Czaja-Hliniak, Irena
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Integracja monetarna i zarządzanie rezerwami walutowymi [PDF]
The paper examines the management of foreign exchange reserves in countries under monetary integration. Central banks in European Union countries exert a major influence on global financial markets because they manage a common pool of foreign exchange ...
Młodkowski, Paweł
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Zmiany w europejskim nadzorze finansowym wywołane kryzysem gospodarczym lat 2007-2009 [PDF]
, 2011 In 2007, at the American mortgage credit market, the financial crisis, that in a short time extended on whole world economy, was started. It were the problems of financial institutions in UE that led to the reforms of European Financial Supervision ...
Waligóra, Tomasz
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INTERVENTION PROGRAMS IN THE MONETARY POLICY OF THE EUROSYSTEM [PDF]
, 2019 This article presents the underlying legal and economic bases of so-called quantitative easing (QE) in the monetary policy of the Eurosystem. Large asset purchase programs and other intervention purchases of securities are discussed, and the risks of ...
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Polityka kursu walutowego przed wstąpieniem do unii gospodarczej i walutowej [PDF]
, 2023 The article raises the issue connected with functioning of European Exchange Rate mechanism ERM II. The introduction analyses the criteria of accession to Economic and Monetary Union and profiles Exchange Rate mechanism ERM II and ERM.
Kraś, Ireneusz
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Prospects of further development of the Caribbean region integration under the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas [PDF]
, 2014 Zmodifikowany Traktat z Chaguaramas (RTC), który wszedł w życie w styczniu 2006 r., przekształcił Wspólny Rynek (stworzony w 1973 przez Wspȯlnotę Karaibska (CARICOM) na bazie Traktatu z Chaguaramas) we Wspólny Rynek i Gospodarkę CARICOM (CARICOM Single ...
Kaczorowska-Ireland, Alina
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Perspektywy przystąpienia Polski do Unii Ekonomicznej i Monetarnej - problemy konwergencji nominalnej i realnej [PDF]
, 2007 Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów.Real convergence means, as it has been mentioned above, the process of approaching the average level economic development in the EMU countries by the countries aspiring to join the EMU ...
Bukowski, Sławomir
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