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Biological Selectivity of Extinction: A Link between Background and Mass Extinction
PALAIOS, 1986The phenomenon of non-random or selective survival across major extinction boundaries in the geologic past is poorly understood but increasingly recognized as a critical area for future research. A current hypothesis, developedfrom a comparison of extinction patterns among Late Cretaceous molluscs, is that biological adaptations of organisms effectual ...
Jennifer A. Kitchell +2 more
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A Biologically-Inspired Model for Mass Extinction in Genetic Algorithms
2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2021Mass extinction events have previously been shown to be a catalyst for accelerating the rate of evolution in genetic algorithms. This increased evolution rate combined with a destabilization of the dynamic equilibrium of the genetic algorithm can allow the algorithm to overcome local maxima in the solution space; however, most implementations of mass ...
Kaelan Engholdt, H. David Mathias
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Biological Extinction in Earth History
Science, 1986Virtually all plant and animal species that have ever lived on the earth are extinct. For this reason alone, extinction must play an important role in the evolution of life. The five largest mass extinctions of the past 600 million years are of greatest interest, but there is also a spectrum of smaller events, many of which indicate biological ...
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Is the Tasmanian tiger extinct? A biological–economic re-evaluation
Ecological Economics, 2003Abstract In the 1890s, a bounty scheme was implemented to rid Tasmania of the thylacine or Tasmanian tiger, a marsupial predator believed to wreak havoc on imported sheep flocks. The thylacine is now officially ‘possibly extinct’ and although, repeatedly, there have been alleged sightings in the wild, most people now believe the species is extinct as
Richard D. Horan +2 more
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Biological response: extinction
1996The third major type of response of organisms to global climatic change is extinction: failure to survive the new conditions. The Quaternary is characterized by its particularly extreme climatic oscillations, and also for the occurrence of wholescale extinctions of large mammals at about the glacial–Holocene transition (Grayson 1984a).
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Extinction and backscatter cross sections of biological materials
SPIE Proceedings, 2007Aerosol backscatter and extinction cross-sections are required to model and evaluate the performance of both active and passive detection systems. A method has been developed by which begins with laboratory measurements of thin films and suspensions of biological material to obtain the complex index refraction of the film from the UV to the LWIR ...
Marc B. Airola +3 more
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Biological selectivity of extinction
2005Selective survival across major extinction event horizons is both a bothersome puzzle and an opportunity to delimit the biologically interesting question of causality. Heritable differences in characters may have predictable consequences in terms of differential species survival.
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Extinction in Systems of Interacting Biological Populations
1999In Sect. 4.3 we already dealt with a single population that has a stochastic logistic dynamics. In this chapter we fully analyse two examples of two-dimensional systems: a prey-predator system and the epidemiological problem of contact between infectives and susceptibles. The method we use is rather complex.
Onno A. van Herwaarden, Johan Grasman
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Increased extinction in the emergence of novel ecological communities
Science, 2020Change begets change In the Anthropocene, humans are altering ecosystems, causing extinctions, and reassorting species distributions. As we facilitate these changes, we are creating new collections of species. Such “novel communities” are not specific to
J. Pandolfi +2 more
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Journal of the Geological Society, 2000
The Pliensbachian–Toarcian bivalve mass extinction in the Andean Basin of South America is characterized by a sharp drop in species diversity, caused mainly by extinction of endemics, and an extended lag phase. Whilst analysis of community attributes such as guild diversity, number of associations, and species richness of samples constituting ...
Franz T. Fürsich, Martin Aberhan
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The Pliensbachian–Toarcian bivalve mass extinction in the Andean Basin of South America is characterized by a sharp drop in species diversity, caused mainly by extinction of endemics, and an extended lag phase. Whilst analysis of community attributes such as guild diversity, number of associations, and species richness of samples constituting ...
Franz T. Fürsich, Martin Aberhan
openaire +2 more sources