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Biological Extinction in Terms of Overadaptation
1991Extinction has been a common phenomenon of the biosphere during the Earth’s past but it is also an enigmatic process in biological evolution. Various and numerous theories have been put forward to explain biological extinction, especially to explain mass extinction which marks the biostratigraphical boundaries in geohistory. Most of these explanations,
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Delayed biological recovery from extinctions throughout the fossil record
Nature, 2000How quickly does biodiversity rebound after extinctions? Palaeobiologists have examined the temporal, taxonomic and geographic patterns of recovery following individual mass extinctions in detail, but have not analysed recoveries from extinctions throughout the fossil record as a whole.
James W. Kirchner, Anne Weil
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MODELING SELECTION AND EXTINCTION MECHANISMS OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
International Journal of Modern Physics C, 2011In this paper, the behavior of a genetic algorithm is modeled to enhance its applicability as a modeling tool of biological systems. A new description model for selection mechanism is introduced which operates on a portion of individuals of population.
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Fitness Optimization and Decay of Extinction Rate Through Biological Evolution
Physical Review Letters, 1995We present a simple theoretical model of evolution featuring a decreasing extinction rate due to an increasing average fitness of the species. The dynamics is based on a random walk on a rugged fitness landscape, with evolutionary jumps for each species triggered by the achievement of fitness records during the walk.
Preben Alstrøm +2 more
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Relationship between biological extinctions and geomagnetic reversals
Geology, 1980It has been repeatedly suggested that reversals of Earth9s magnetic field play a controlling role in evolution. Empirical evidence put forward to support this hypothesis has come from comparisons of the stratigraphic positions of microfossil extinctions with individual reversals and from comparisons of various estimates of changes in Phanerozoic ...
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Biological Rhythmicity in Subterranean Animals: A Function Risking Extinction?
2014In this chapter, we discuss evidence of regression of circadian locomotor activity in exclusively subterranean species (troglobites), having fishes as models, by comparing such findings with observations on related epigean (surface) species, that may also form self-sustained subterranean (troglophilic) populations. These results favor the hypothesis of
Barreto, Luiz Menna, Trajano, Eleonora
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Environmental crises at the Permian–Triassic mass extinction
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 2022Jacopo Dal Corso +8 more
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The Possible Influences of Sudden Events on Biological Radiations and Extinctions
1984This report, and the Workshop discussions leading to it, stem from the growing realization that physical events of short duration may have had frequent, significant, and lasting effects on the Earth’s biota. For the purposes of the report, physical events are considered relevant only if they are: a) relatively sudden, b) have a global or nearly global ...
Walter Alvarez +11 more
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The expected extinction time of a population within a system of interacting biological populations
Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 1996The quasi-stationary distribution of a population within a system of interacting populations is approximated by a stochastic logistic process. The parameters of this process can be expressed in the parameters of the full system. Using the diffusion approximation, an expression for the expected extinction time is derived from this logistic process ...
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