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Latent Variable Models with Fixed Effects
Biometrics, 1996We discuss latent variable models that allow for fixed effect covariates, as well as covariates affecting the latent variable directly. Restricted maximum likelihood and maximum likelihood are used to estimate model parameters. A generalized likelihood ratio test can be used to test significance of the covariates effecting the latent outcomes.
Sammel, Mary Dupuis, Ryan, Louise M.
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Fixed Effects and Random Effects
2008One of the major benefits from using panel data as compared to cross-section data on individuals is that it enables us to control for individual heterogeneity. Not controlling for these unobserved individual specific effects leads to bias in the resulting estimates.
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Are Fixed Effects Fixed? [PDF]
, 1997 In attempts to overcome the problem of omitted variables, the assumption of fixed effects is widely implemented when working with panel data. This paper examines the validity of this technique, in the context of estimating a production function using panels of US textile plants.
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Chitinase and peroxidase in effective (fix+) and ineffective (fix?) soybean nodules
Planta, 1992Chitinase and peroxidase, two enzymes thought to be involved in the defense of plants against pathogens, were measured in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) roots and in nodules colonized by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains differing in their symbiotic potential. Activities of both enzymes were higher in nodules than in roots.
Staehelin C +4 more
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Fixed Effect Models and Fixed Coefficient Models
1992As noted in the introductory chapter, the simplest and most intuitive way to account for individual and/or time differences in behaviour, in the context of a panel data regression problem, is to assume that some of the regression coefficients are allowed to vary across individuals and/or through time.
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Fixed-Time Fuzzy Control for a Class of Nonlinear Systems
IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 2022Yumei Sun, Fang Wang, Zhi Liu
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Porous fixed-bed photoreactor for boosting C–C coupling in photocatalytic CO2 reduction
EScience, 2022Shengjie Bai, Haoran Qiu, Guiwei He
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Fixed-Time Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems
IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 2021Kaixin Lu, Zhi Liu, Yaonan Wang
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Fixed-time ESO based fixed-time integral terminal sliding mode controller design for a missile
ISA Transactions, 2022Lei Cui, Nan Jin, Shaoping Chang
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