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Interpreting the results of freeze‐etching

Journal of Microscopy, 1977
SUMMARYMorphological data obtained by freeze‐fracturing and other low temperature techniques must be interpreted in terms of molecular organization and function. Interpretation is aided by physical and biochemical approaches. Physical approaches such as rotary replication and ultralow temperature fracturing can improve resolution and preserve molecular
D, Branton, S, Kirchanski
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Preparation of Coenocytes for Freeze-Etching

Stain Technology, 1975
Successful freeze-etching of a coenocyte has been accomplished with glutaraldehyde stabilization followed by infiltration with cryoprotectant. Hyphae of the coenocytic water mold Achlya were stabilized with 5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer.
E A, Ellis, J T, Mullins
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Freeze-Etching Simplified

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1968
Freeze-etching, as a tool in the preparation of biological specimens for electron microscopy, has seen relatively little use since it was introduced in 1957. The involved procedure, originally described, and, until recently, the cost of special equipment, must certainly have played a part in the failure of freeze-etching to become a commonly used ...
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Bidirectional shadowing in freeze‐etching

Journal of Microscopy, 1983
SUMMARYBidirectional shadowing in freeze‐etching may be achieved by firing an electron‐beam shadowing source, rotating the specimen stage through a desired angle, and re‐firing the shadowing source. It is demonstrated that portrait shadow‐casting, which permits information to be drawn from much of the specimen region lying within primary shadows, can ...
J H, Willison, R D, Moir
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A New Freeze‐Etch Unit For Freeze‐Etch Rotary Shadowing, Low Temperature Freeze‐Fracturing and Conventional Freeze‐Etching

Journal of Microscopy, 1978
SUMMARYA new freeze‐etch unit is described in which one can make replicas where hydrated, frozen, fractured specimens rotate during specimen heavy metal shadowing. The freeze‐etch unit can also be used to do low temperature freeze‐fracturing and conventional freeze‐etching.
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Rapid Freezing of Freeze-Etch Specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1980
The importance of a high rate of temperature decrease (“rapid freezing”) when freezing specimens for freeze-etching has long been recognized1. The two basic methods for achieving rapid freezing are: 1) dropping the specimen onto a metal surface at low ...
A. Elgsaeter, T. Espevik, G. Kopstad
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Freeze-etching and direct observation of freezing damage

Cryobiology, 1969
Summary Freeze-etching, as a method of preparing specimens for electron microscopy, is perhaps the best method for visualizing the fine structure of freezing damage to cells. New equipment permits the preparation of multiple specimens and double replicas, and rapid temperature changes.
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The freezing rate of freeze-etch specimens for electron microscopy

Cryobiology, 1974
Abstract Experiments on the rapid freezing of freeze-etch sized specimens have shown this rate between 0 and −100 °C to be approximately 1000 °C/sec. This is much faster than the rate of 100 °C/sec estimated by Moor for specimens cooled in liquid Freon 12. Heat transfer from the rapidly immersed specimen and mount appears to be mainly through forced
A J, Glover, Z S, Garvitch
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Freeze‐etch observations of rat lung

The Anatomical Record, 1971
AbstractThe freeze‐etch technique was used to study the fine structure of the terminal respiratory membranes of rat lung. Special emphasis was given to the ultrastructure of the type II alveolar cell and its role in formation of the surface active material.
J C, Belton   +3 more
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Freeze-etching observations of trichophyton violaceum

Medical Mycology, 1977
Trichophyton violaceum was cultured on a Sabouraud's dextrose agar slants for freeze-fracture replication. It was cryoprotected with glycerol and sucrose. The surface structure of the cell wall showed a rodlet pattern. Invagination-like craters were observed in the plasmalemma.
T, Hasegawa, E, Nakai, V S, Rajan
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