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Galaxies and Galaxy Groups

2000
Before stellar evolution theory reached its present stage, galactic evolution ideas were tentative and depended not so much on physical arguments (e.g. galactic dynamics) but intuitive notions based on observations of galaxy shapes. Historically this is quite understandable.
Bernard Abrams, Michael Stecker
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Galaxies and Galaxy Groups

2004
Few galaxies are loners: almost all are members of groups of at least a dozen systems. The Milky Way is no exception. It is the second brightest in a group of three dozen, mostly dwarf, galaxies. The brightest member of the Local Galaxy Group is the Andromeda Spiral M31. The most luminous members of the Local Group, including all those visible with any
Craig Crossen, Gerald Rhemann
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Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies

2002
The leap into deep space outside our Milky Way Galaxy, into the realm of the distant galaxies (or the extragalactic nebulae, as they were formerly called), and the beginnings of a cosmology based on observations, will be considered throughout history to be one of the most important achievements of the 20th century.
Albrecht Unsöld, Bodo Baschek
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Mass determination in galaxies, groups of galaxies, and clusters of galaxies

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 1990
Computer simulations of interacting galaxies are used to determine the contribution of halos in disk galaxies. It appears that generally the halo is less massive than the disk. Redshift asymmetries are used to separate binary pairs from optical pairs in catalogs of galaxy pairs.
M.J. Valtonen, G.G. Byrd
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Cosmological simulations of galaxy formation

Nature Reviews Physics, 2019
Over recent decades, cosmological simulations of galaxy formation have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of structure and galaxy formation in the Universe.
M. Vogelsberger   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The history of the galaxies

Nature, 1996
Astronomical observations now reach far enough back in time, in enough depth and detail, to reveal the history of galaxies since their formation. The early Universe contained a network of gas clouds that filled much of the space between the young galaxies, where stars were forming at a high rate.
M, Fukugita, C J, Hogan, P J, Peebles
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On the distribution of galaxies and galaxy clusters

New Vistas in Astrophysics, 2000
The fact that galaxy and galaxy clusters distributions exhibit fractal properties is well established since twenty years 1 ,2. Nowadays, the controversy concerns the range of the fractal regime , the value of the fractal dimension and the eventual presence of a cross-over to homogeneity 3,4,5 In this paper we briefly review the methods of analysis ...
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H I in the Galaxy

, 1990
J. Dickey, F. J. Lockman
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The First Galaxies and Galaxy Clusters

2009
Obvious targets for Extremely Large Telescopes are high-redshift galaxies and galaxy (proto-)clusters. However, due to the extremely small field-of-view of such telescopes, finding such objects, notably the rarer proto-clusters, is best be done using other facilities.
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